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Science Study/Review Sheet
Unit One – Variety of Life
List the 5 characteristics of a living thing.
1. It can grow and develop
2. It can reproduce to make more of its kind
3. It can make or get food
4. Uses food for energy
5. It can sense and react to its surroundings
List two adaptations (structure and or ability/skill) for the following functions:
Moving
1. Bones, muscles –structural adaptation
2. Walking, running – skill
Staying warm or cool
1. Shivering, seating – skill
2. Fur-skin- to keep warm – structural adaptation
What is the difference between endothermic and ectothermic? Give an example of each.
Endothermic: warm blooded organism that body temperature stays the same no matter what happens with the temperature of environment. Ex:mammal.
Ectothermic: cold blooded organism the body temperature changes with its environments temperature. Ex: Reptile
What is a classification system? Give an example of a classification system. It can be one you have seen before or you can create your own.
A classification system is a method of sorting and grouping objects and organisms. Classification systems are used to help scientists think about living things. It is largely based on structural features. Ex: Sorting our paper clips. We sorted by size and color.
The Essay on Three Domain System Of Classification
The Earth is 4.6 billion years old and microbial life is thought to have first appeared between 3.8 and 3.9 billion years ago; in fact, 80% of Earth’s history was exclusively microbial life. Microbial life is still the dominant life form on Earth. It has been estimated that the total number of microbial cells on Earth on the order of 2.5 X 1030 cells, making it the major fraction of biomass ...
List three characteristics of an arthropod.
1. 3 or more pairs of jointed legs
2. Hard exoskeleton
3. Body made up of 2 or more distinct parts
Are all arthropods insects? no
Are all insects arthropods? yes
List three characteristics of an insect.
1. 3 pairs of jointed legs
2. Exoskeleton
3. Body made of 3 parts
What are 3 reasons that species become endangered?
1. Disease
2. Overhunting
3. Change in environment
4. Starvation
5. Habitat was destroyed
What is the difference between a vertebrate and an invertebrate? Give an example of each.
Vertebrate: any animal with a backbone. Ex: Human
Invertebrate: any animal without a backbone. Ex: worm
What are the five groups of vertebrates?
1. Fishes
2. Amphibians
3. Reptiles
4. Birds
5. Mammals
What are the 2 groups of invertebrates?
1. Insects
2. Spiders
3. Crustaceans
What is natural selection?
Natural selection is a natural process in which the individual members of a species that are best adapted for an environment will be the member most likely to survive and reproduce.
What is a paleontologist? How do they determine the age of various fossils?
A Paleontologist is a scientist who studies fossils and other evidence of ancient organisms. They can determine the ages of fossils by using carbon 14 dating. They measure how much carbon remains in the fossil, the remaining carbon will determine the age of the fossil.
