THE ROLE OF YOUTH, HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Dr.Quratulain Bakhtiari
Courtesy to “Transform”
Today the youth of Pakistan are facing a difficult and contrivances phase, None had ever faced such era to understand, standup, to challenge, to find out spaces for meaningful learning is a very low letch thought. Even survival is major challenge being faced by youth. In past youth has never experienced such challenges as they are facing today. Youth developmental age is a specific biological period fro. 13-15 to 35 years in age. This journey starts from childhood when his or her body comes into existence. The adult are tested in their patients and experiencing from the age of 5 to 6. they check their boundaries/ limits and move forward & try to break such limits/boundaries, this is called testing. This testing moves towards bad experiences and he/she starts experimenting different level of risks. If environment is not supportive then these things starts affecting badly. Often when the young age approach, the life turn out more complicated, tough in our society. From young age to elder, age, the more responsible age approaches, the age of experiences get limited . The whole circle from childhood to adulthood, the journey has milestones and has got a lot of importance in a individuals life.
The journey from childhood to adulthood goes through trials and errors. As trials and chances of mistakes starts 1-1/2 0 to 6 and from 6 to 30 years the age of emotional, psychological and intellectual abilities are given in full by nature to all, and it is this age when he/she faces lots of restrictions, limits, and boundaries, in which most of the experiences,risks are stopped for innovation; many “ifs and buts” comes into mind & try to stop from innovation experiencing, learning and their growing. The personality that a young possess becomes complex, which needs extraordinary efforts from somewhere els. Similarly, in human development process we do need leaders, counselors, mentors and spaces for guidance. Such environment and spaces are decreasing gradually. On other hand the challenges faced by young him or her are on extreme at every level.
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Glamour was never on extreme as much as it is today; from glamorization the instinct feeling of inadequacy has developed. In youth, especially glamorization is evolved in a systematic way. The first thing to be noted is biological growth; second thing is systems that were not as vicious as it is today. In past when systems used to establish it usually had lot of human factors involved with if. If the youth won’t be involved in social change then they will never learn about decision making and mentoring approach for next generation.
Reality is quiet different, before the youth actually start his or her work, he/she has question in mind. In past the youth especially teenagers used to participate in every activity, but now youth has been used as consumers and as well as workers (work hard but still do not get any acknowledgement and benefits, all earning directly goes to owners of the work on to fulfill families needs).
The thing that hasn’t been as common as it is today is sexual exploitation. The openness of sexuality, to fight against industry of sexuality is extremely challenging and it has captured an youth. Young age has its own demands. In history, there was not any exposure, provision and diversion to this level as it is today. These things have made battle really tough to survive. The weaker in this age is not provided right to survive.
Now we can realize about the challenges faced by youth. Either they are aware about the challenges they have to face. If they are not aware then the danger has multiplied it has exceeded over 100% and become a compound danger.
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The closer institution to youth and closest relation that remain to far is family. All other institutions are in disintegration except family. In west, they are having many strong institutions but family as an institution is disintegrated because of this the effectiveness of this on institution is affecting all other institutions. The cost of health, cost of ceasing mothers, cost of children in street, cost of teenage problems, and cost of crimes is on extreme. Just because of the breakup of one single institution(family) but in our case all institutions have broken down but only this single institute of family is left. However, the family system is prevailing but mostly these men and women in the family are not aware about the new challenges. Of new century that are being faced by youth. Family as an institute is still prevailing but same old thinking and demands restricts the imagination of young people. It is obvious how much the today’s youth would be vulnerable.
Our responsibility is to acknowledge that the present scenario is very hostile especially for youth. We have to analyze and acknowledge such situation why this is happening. Today media is misguiding youth. Its points out towards an advertisement in which a girl uses cream, got fair color & finally got married to a very nice man.
Now we all have to think about the numerous girls & boys the pressure that they are having they are today the glamour, the glow on TV by officialized system & how many girl are discarded. Human rights organization, gender institute must raise their voices against such advertisement messages. But where are they all? To object and protest against such add. I want to display the true picture of society. Trying to show that this is very cruel period. In Pakistan young are in majority, more than 60% population of Pakistan comprised of youth. We are talking about social change but I am talking about survival. If we will survive with lively minded then we would bring any change. I have just tried to problematize such issue. How to address such issue? When I was young and started work, there were challenges but their nature was different. For example, the challenges that we faced were permission to do job and outer exposure. There were restrictions on doing jobs or going outside. Harassment was very common & easy in offices, field and at home. We were not aware how to deal with such issues it was the case because things were not clear. The other thing that we had to face was that we didn’t have the understanding to judge strengths, weaknesses in development changes & there wasn’t any space & none was found to make us clear about such issues.
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There were some experiences but as we had moved forward and worked with youth the real painful lesson that came in front was its transparent / participatory nature, didn’t understand how to avail those learning opportunities / instruction. We believe that there is need of support if this confidence is met in childhood then the young choose their way. Right choices in right direction. They become fast, effective & resistance free. It is reality-based conversation. I do not allow computers at children rooms because I am aware about its use, but unaware people think computers means education. The parents have to keep in mind about such issues but it would only happen if parents would be aware about such / problems. In a situation where family is unaware. The one who is having control is not well equipped. We are very far away from social change. First, we have to develop the human resource. Who must be well equipped, and then we can talk about social change. If we wont learn today then what would be the case with coming generation. Now we have to think about solution, it must be a small group working together systematically and growing in members. Then we would be able to do something for our coming generation.
As far as financial resources are concerned on basis of human resource development, a good, keen, strong and transparent person cannot be unemployed. Many be underpaid, but it is the need of time to have good personal. I don’t think that there would be any financial problem but of course luxurious living won’t be there. However, the young people have to convince families that we are not fuel of earning. Don’t let them full fill their endless wishes by using us. We have to set limits whatever could be done for them we must do it. We are passing through the age in which we have to work hard and to struggle constantly. The young age is a big threat. The man is usually bound in his own problems. The one who comes out from such circumstances they enable to do much more. In IDSP the first year was conventional. There has been gradual change; first change that we are having is that we are not only remained community oriented; now we are talking about the whole world. In first year we didn’t use to talk about world. We started to talk about institutional building. In the nest second and third year there were many radical courses, you are doing something but challenges are global. IDSP was immediately shifted toward other side and this was resulted in strengthening of concepts.
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Every member of IDSP was committed at once. The other practice that we were having was about issues, the one who Is having such issue/ problem has to talk in forum either I have committed such mistake, the one who has committed mistake has to accept it in forum. It is not because to make you feel shame but when you will commit such mistake in public it will make you strong. This process has made us empowered. We call it emotional skill. We have decreased the fear of making mistake.
CHALLENGES PAKISTAN YOUTH FACE
In most of the developing countries young people are growing up without opportunities, information and services they need to reach their full potential. There is mounting evidence to prove that lack of investment and an indifference to the needs of youth incur a high cost in terms of lost development opportunities, ill health and social, physical, mental disruption. And it means failure to fully support our present “asset” as well as next generation of parents and leaders. There is no doubt that the youth have been at the centre of socio-economic and socio-political changes taking place in Pakistan and elsewhere. The period of the life under which the youth fall, is the most productive and energetic. If their energies are not channelled they fail to captivate opportunities that come their way.
At this moment, the youth in Pakistan find themselves in a far better position than many of their peers in other countries because of the demographic advantage they enjoy in Pakistan. As a matter of fact Pakistani population is very young. The census of 1998 counted 56 million children under the age of 15. There were another 13 million adolescents between the ages of 15 and 19, and 11 million youth aged between 20 to 24 years. In other words, in 1998 children, the very young and the youth accounted for 62 million of the total population. (Census Report of Pakistan 1998, Table 5, Population by Selected Age Group)
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Of the 15 largest countries in the world in terms of population size Pakistan has by far the youngest people. Should such a young population be regarded as a burden or an asset? I believe that our demographic situation provides our young with an extraordinary opportunity to compete in whatever sphere they chose. We have an opportunity to turn our very large and very young people into a productive asset. That could contribute significantly to the economic growth and poverty alleviation. Both the government and society must join their hands or this nation-building task and concentrate on protecting the emotional and physical health of the youth, their skill-based education, provision of recreational facilities, employment, and above all incorporation of self-confidence, motivation and courage to move forward.
The challenges, constraints and opportunities the young people face vary from region to region and culture to culture — from forced early marriages to increased poverty resulting from adjustment policies, from armed conflicts to a lack of opportunities. For many, bread and butter is a problem, for others it is HIV/AIDS, lack of education or poverty are major constraints in life. But nobody denies that the youth, wherever they are, need to be redirected for a larger well-being and prosperity of societies, countries and nations.
The youth of Pakistan, despite a multitude of problems like unemployment, poverty, remorselessness, social taboos, drugs, guns and politics, have always been in the forefront of movements and political changes, for instance from Pakistan Movement to Independence of Pakistan and Indo-Pak wars, to Fall of Dhaka and Pakistan emerging as “something” on the map of the world to Pakistan becoming the first Islamic nuclear power. They have never let the nation down at any point of time. It is unfortunate that the youth, despite their contributions to national developments, find themselves trapped in a culture marked by guns, violence and drugs. All this has resulted in an unstable economy, a shattered confidence of foreign investors, lawlessness, and a break-up of the social fabric.
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Pakistan at the moment houses the largest number of youth in its history. This is the best time for Pakistan to invest in youth and reactivate and relocate their disfranchised energies if there is any need for economic growth and social development in Pakistan. If we glance through the history of the world, it stands clear that the countries with the fastest economic growth over the past 50 years are those which heavily invested in their youth.
The most impounding problem our youth is facing at present is frustration. This monster is eating up our youth slowly and gradually. The youth in Pakistan don’t have jobs, means of healthy entertainment, health resources and awareness. They say the youth is like running water. It makes it own ways. The frustration as a result of multitude of problems is increasing day by day. This is the right time to look into the problems of youth and give them viable solutions otherwise it will be too late in the day. We need to bear in mind that the “destiny of nations is in the hands of youth.”
As for education of our youth, there is a feeling that it should be more productive and progressive in terms of its application and usage. There is no formal guidance for students in logical selection of a specific course of study. There is no unified, single education system in the country. We have three to four education systems running at parallel levels. Education does not mean enrolment at universities and colleges. Rather it means evaluating the skills and knowledge of those individuals who acquired it, and the adequacy of this education in fulfilling their needs. Education means exploring alternate routes, both formal and informal, to knowledge and skill building. In Pakistan particularly it means putting the right persons to the right tracks. Most of our employed youth are misfits in their present positions and employment. They have been yoked to these unwanted engagements either by society, parents or their circumstances. Somebody who wanted to become a lawyer and was sent to a medical college against his wish, cannot give the best output as a doctor at all. We need proper education counselling system in the country if we require a maximum output from our youth.
Unemployment is another problem being faced by our youths. We don’t have latest official figures but almost 12 percent (Labour Force Survey, Government of Pakistan, 1997) of our youth is unemployed. Unemployment is a multi-dimensional and complex issue which starts a vicious cycle of associated problems like involvement of youth in politics, bank-household burglaries, social insecurity, lawlessness, use of drugs, etc. Though every government has done something for the youth with regards to eradication of unemployment but the problem is sustainability of these programmes. One government launches a couple of youth promotion and youth investment schemes, the next one slates all the previous programmes and starts anew. The ultimate sufferers in this exercise are the youth.
The role of media in upbringing of our youth has been minimum throughout the history of Pakistan. Most of the youth find our TV programmes non-entertaining and unattractive. Every body is interested in watching other South Asian and western channels. As a consequence we came to know what is call “cultural invasion”. The term is very old but we experienced its magic in Pakistan only from 1990s onward. As to radio and newspaper, both of these media don’t target youth as one of their potential audiences. With the start of public-private partnership, the government should pay extra attention to using them in education, welfare and development of the youth.
Our youth has lost its identity and importance. We need to enable our youth to rediscover their identity which they were made to loose over the last 50 years. There must be remedial measures at government, social and individual levels to restore the confidence of the youth in their potential qualities.
The most important step to be taken by the Government of Pakistan, in this regard, is revision and revival of a national youth policy which must be to aspire to create situations whereby youth stand educated, employed and free from drug abuse, frustration, parochialism, sectarianism and other numerous evils which have jolted the foundations of our society like involvement of youth in politics, terrorism and lawlessness. We have to prepare our youth to face the challenges of the time with unshakable courage and youthful confidence.
