We would like to thank the following:
* Researcher’s Parents, for the moral and financial support throughout our time conducting the study. * Mrs. Ermelinda Floretes, for supervising and helping us in creating our research thesis. * Ms. Hannah Mae Aduana, for supervising and giving us recommendations for further improvement of the study. * To all our respondents, for giving us their honest answers in our survey. * Especially to God for his heavenly guidance and making these study possible.
ABSTRACT
An air freshener is a product designed to mask or remove unpleasant room odors. These products typically deliver fragrance and other odor counteracts ants into the air. They do so through a variety of product formats, including aerosols, candles, potpourri, and gels. The researchers decided to create an air freshener spray made from Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) peelings extract. This study was conducted for the main purpose of comparing the difference between the commercial air freshener spray and homemade air freshener spray and to test the acceptability of the Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) peelings extract air freshener spray. The results of the study will be interpreted with the use of weighted arithmetic mean and T-test.
From the results that the researchers conducted, it is shown in the study, the results are: the computed T-test for odor is 5.6; thus rejecting null hypothesis. For color, the computed T-test is 3.7; thus rejecting null hypothesis. For texture, the computed T-test is 6.1; thus rejecting null hypothesis.
The Research paper on Case Study of “Sterling Marking Products Inc
Coming into my role in 1986 to oversee the international marketing, Sterling had begun exporting sub-assemblies to the U.K. Sterling is now utilizing Julius Blumberg to expand sales into the US. Our sales within both markets are currently not living up to what the International Marketing Committee believes to be our true potential. Regarding sales within the US, Sterling needs to leverage the ...
CHAPTER I
Problem and Its Background
I. Introduction
In modern society, nearly all the people are familiar with air freshener. Air freshener is made from various kinds of ingredients including different kinds of essential oils. By sending out the fragrance, air freshener is able to cover up the bad smell, so as to alleviate the uncomfortable feeling caused by the undesirable odor. A. Background of Study
These products typically deliver fragrance and other odor counteracts ants into the air. They do so through a variety of product formats, including aerosols, candles, potpourri, and gels. The researchers decided to create an air freshener spray made from Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) peelings extract. (McMath 1993)
Modern methods of air freshener formulation usually use harmful synthetic chemicals that contribute to the damages in our environment. The researchers decided to make air freshener spray made from Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) peelings extract.
Objectives:
General Objective: To utilize and determine the acceptability of the quality attributes of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract as an Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray. Specific Objectives:
1. To utilize Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract in making Home Air Freshener Spray. 2. To determine the acceptability of the quality attributes of Home Air Freshener Spray from Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract in terms of: a. Color
b. Odor
c. Texture
3. To find out if there is significant difference on the acceptability of the quality attributes of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract Air Freshener Spray and the Commercialized Air Freshener Spray.
B. Hypotheses:
Ho = There is no significant difference on the general acceptability of the quality attributes of the Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract Air Freshener Spray and the Commercialized Air Freshener Spray. Ha = There is a significant difference on the general acceptability of the quality attributes of the Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract Air Freshenet Spray and the Commercialized Air Freshener Spray.
The Term Paper on Marketing Plan Oxiclean Orange Glo
Table of Contents: I. Executive Summary a. Business Description b. Mission/Vision Statement c. Product/Service d. Core Competencies e. Marketing Mix f. Projected Sales & Earnings II. Products/Services a. Description b. Branding Ideas III. Market Research & Analysis a. Target Market b. Competition: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats c. Channels of Distribution d. Promotions ...
C. Conceptual Framework
Schematic Diagram of the Independent and Dependent Variables on the Utilization and Acceptability of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract as an Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray
Independent Variables Dependent Variables Acceptability
Quality Attributes
(Color, odor, texture)
Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract Home Air Freshener Spray Shelf-Life
Fig. 1.1 Paradigm of the Independent and Dependent variables of the study
Utilization and Acceptability of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract as an Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray
D. Significance of the Study
It’s important that your Home is clean and fresh. Besides observing good hygiene, a fresh fragrance also plays an important role. In fact, research has shown that a fresh smell is one of the most important aspects in the perception of cleanliness. But modern methods of air freshener formulation usually use harmful synthetic chemicals that contribute to the damages in our environment. The conclusion of the study was that the use of some air fresheners can produce toxic pollutants when used in the presence of ozone (a form of oxygen).
Even minimal ozone concentrations were enough to drive significant indoor chemistry. When the chemicals emitted from the air-fresheners are combined with ozone, pollutants of serious health concern are produced. These include formaldehyde (a known human carcinogen and a respiratory irritant with a very low threshold for health effects) and ultrafine pollutant particles. Also of concern is the production of acetaldehyde, organic acids, other oxygenated intermediates, hydrogen peroxide, secondary organic aerosol, and hydroxyl radicals. The researchers conducted the study Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract as an Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray. The Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray contains natural scents that may reduce environmental problems.
The Research paper on Sealed Air Case Study
To the question of whether Sealed Air should enter the uncoated bubble market, there are two possible results: If Sealed Air was to put uncoated bubble products into production, the sales might not be very satisfying because of the already crowded market of uncoated bubble products. The competition is fierce, and the many the consumers cannot tell the differences on quality, nor do they actually ...
E. Definition of Terms
For purposes of clarification, the following key terms are hereby defined: Sampaguita Petals. The main product used in the study
Orange Peelings. The second main product used in the study Organoleptic tests. This refers to the method of analysis in determining the color, odor, and texture of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray and Commercialized Air Freshener Spray.
Pounding- the process used in this study to extract the essential oil from
orange skins.
Boiling- Method of extracting the essential oils from the sampaguita petals and orange skins. Quality Attributes. As used in the study, it refers to the color, odor, and texture of acceptability Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray
F. Scope and Delimitation
This study will be limited only to the The utilization of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract as an Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray. In modern society, nearly all the people are familiar with air freshener. Air freshener is made from various kinds of ingredients including different kinds of essential oils. By sending out the fragrance, air freshener is able to cover up the bad smell, so as to alleviate the uncomfortable feeling caused by the undesirable odor.
The researchers decided to create an air freshener spray made from Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) peelings extract. The study was conducted at Alcala’s Residence, Waling-waling St., Brgy. San Pablo, Catbalogan City, Samar. The results of the study will be interpreted with the use of weighted arithmetic mean and T-test.
The results and conclusion drawn will, therefore, be true for these utilization of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract as an Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray and formulation. However, the results will be used as basis for similar studies that may be conducted in the future using different essential oils.
The Term Paper on Orange Peel Candle
Introduction Candles have been used for thousands of years and up until the early 1900s they were the single source for artificial light. Candles also have a rich tradition in religious services in many faiths through-out history. Today, the candle is no longer the single source of light but is used abundantly in religious services as well as in birthday celebrations, holidays, and home ...
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Safer Scents: Air freshener alternatives
Houseplants: Geranium, gardenia, jasmine and other fragrant plants are great alternatives to artificial scents. Scented geraniums carry their scent in their foliage, so they have a mild fragrance all year. Some plants are also particularly good at absorbing air pollutants: heartleaf philodendron, English ivy, spider plant, peace lily, snake plant, gerbera daisies, pot mums and bamboo palm. (Oregon Environmetal Council. Org) Herb wreaths: Fresh or dried herbs woven in a wreath are a festive and fragrant decoration that can also be used for cooking. Some florists sell culinary wreaths made with rosemary, thyme, bay leaves, chili peppers and other fragrant tastes. Or, make a wreath from your own garden herbs with instructions from Mountain Valley Growers. About essential oil: A few drops are a good scent alternative to artificial fragrance; nut even pure oils can have strong properties. Lavender and tea tree, for example, have been linked to breast development in boys. Even if essential oils are evaporated rather than burned, they can cause air quality problems. Avoid skin contact when handling, and never use more than a few drops.
Potpourri: Commercial potpourri may be enhanced with chemical fragrances; make your own mixture, and you’ll be sure to know all the ingredients! Mix ingredients to display in a dish, sew into a sachet or store in a mason jar with a mesh fabric covering. In Oregon, bulk herbs, spices and dried flowers are often available from local sources. Dried lavender and rosebuds are good base flowers. Dried chamomile, yarrow, marigold, elder flowers, larkspur, delphinium and peony are fine additions. Eucalyptus, sage, rosemary, bay leaves, lemon verbena, citrus peel, star anise, cinnamon sticks, vanilla beans and cloves are fragrant, too. Other ingredients: cedar chips and pine cones add fragrance; interesting twigs and bark may add to color and texture, and Orris root helps preserve the fragrance without artificial fixatives. Powder can be found sold with other bulk herbs, and liquid is among other herbal supplements. Natural odor absorbers: If it isn’t an aroma you’re after, but something to freshen the air, there’s no substitute for opening the windows or turning on ventilation fans. See more about ventilation. However, you can use baking soda and vinegar as odor absorbers. Baking soda can be sprinkled in garbage cans, on carpets before vacuuming, or an open box left in the refrigerator and freezer to absorb odors. Vinegar can remove odors when used as a surface cleaner or in a spray bottle.
The Term Paper on Urban Air Pollution
Urban Air Pollution The transportation sector is responsible for a large majority of air pollutants in our urban areas, including carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, which form ground-level ozone. Tens of millions of Americans live in areas not meeting at least one federal air quality standard. In 1990, Congress passed the Clean Air Act Amendments to combat high emission levels of carbon ...
Plug-ins: Plug-Ins consist of a small, plastic tray that holds a gel-like mixture of fragrance. This tray is inserted in a plastic unit equipped with electrical prongs that plug into a standard outlet. The electric current causes a heating element to warm up, vaporizing the volatile fragrance components. The fragrance in the tray lasts several weeks, at which time the consumer simply inserts a fresh tray. The product is designed with a variety of fragrance types to appeal to a wide consumer audience, including Honey-suckle, Mountain Meadow, Country Breeze, Powder Fresh, and Country Garden. Raw Materials: The perfume oils used in preparing fragrance concentrate in the air fresheners can be divided into a variety of types. These include aldehydes, which are members of the synthetic fragrance group. When concentrated, aldehydes smell soapy or fatty; however, when mixed in the proper proportions with water, they develop a sweet, flowery smell. (McMath, 1991)
CHAPTER III
Methodology
A. Materials and Equipment
Table 1.1
Materials and Ingredients| Quantity|
Sampaguita petals/Essential oilOrange Peelings/Essential oilEthyl Alcohol | 30ml30ml1 tbsp.| Equipment and Utensils| Quantity|
Table Spoon250 mL measuring CupCasseroleMortar & PistleStrainerSpray bottle| 1 unit1 unit1 unit1 unit1unit|
General Procedure
1. Gather and prepare the materials. Such as the ones that were listed above.
2. Detach the Sampaguita petals from its stems.
3. Pound the Orange skins. So it will extract easily for the boiling method.
4. Measure the amount of water that will be used in boiling the Sampaguita petals and Orange skins. (8 oz)
5. Boil the Sampaguita petals and Orange skins for 10 minutes. The boiling method is used to extract their essential oils.
The Term Paper on White Linen Consumers Marketer Perfume
Introduction Selecting perfume is a rather prejudiced process. Given that a brand and its image are highly respected internationally, the acquisition for its newly launched perfume depends upon an individual's preference of scent. Waiting for consumers to approach, test and smell, be satisfied and pay for it is neither desirable nor affordable. A marketer certainly has some more to do. The ...
6. Let it simmer/cool for a minimum of ten (10) minutes.
7. Strain the sampaguita petals and orange skins from its essential oil/extract.
8. Add 1 tbsp. of alcohol or sanitizer in the mixed extracts/essential oils. The primary purpose of alcohol is to cause the perfume oils to evaporate faster than they would by themselves, sometimes as much as or 15 times more quickly. This gives the impression that the perfume is considerably stronger than it actually is. That is why, when you first put on a commercial fragrance, the aroma may sometimes seem overwhelming to those around you. This also explains why the scent fades dramatically within one or two hours. The perfume oils have evaporated along with the alcohol.
Legend:
A- Formulation of the Title
B- Gathering of Related Information
C- Writing of Thesis Proposal
D- Gathering the Materials and Setting Up
E- Making of the Product
F- Training of Panelists and Evaluation of Product
G- Tabulation of Results and Revision of Chapters 1 to 3
H- Writing of Chapters 4 and 5; Submission of the Draft to the Adviser, and Revision of the Draft
I- Revision of the Research paper, and Submission of Bound Research paper
CHAPTER IV
Results and Discussion
A. Findings
UTILIZATION AND ACCEPTABILITY OF SAMPAGUITA (Jasminum sambac) PETALS AND ORANGE (Citrus sinensis) PEELINGS EXTRACT AS AN ALTERNATIVE HOME AIR FRESHENER SPRAY
Table 1.2
Mean Result of the General Acceptability of the Two Air Freshener Spray Air Freshener Spray| MEAN|
| Color| Odor| Texture|
Commercial| 4| 4| 4|
Homemade| 3| 3| 3|
The results from the survey the researchers conducted, it showed that the means of the commercial perfume, color-4, odor-4 and Texture -4. While the means of homemade Air Freshener spray showed, color-3, odor-3, and Texture -3.
Figure 1.2 Comparison between the commercial and the homemade Air Freshener
Spray in terms of color, odor, and texture. (Mean) A. Cost-Analysis
The cost-analysis was determined to compare Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray and Commercialized Home Air Freshener Spray
1kg of Orange- 35.00 (3 attempts) 105.00 – Php
Alcohol (Ethyl) 135.00 – Php T O T A L 240.00 – Php
B. Analysis of Data
Difference on the Acceptability of the quality attributes of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract as an Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray and the Commercialized Home Air Freshener Spray
In Table 1.2: The means of the Commercial Home Air Freshener Spray are: Color is 4, Odor is 4, and lastly, texture is 4. While the homemade or Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray, the means are: Color is 3, Odor is 3, and texture is 3. From the results that the researchers conducted, it is shown that the study, in the results of commercial perfume is 80.44 percent out of 100 percent of the people approved the product while in the homemade perfume; it is 55.56 percent out of 100 percent. While in Table 1.1, it shows that in color, odor and texture, the t-computed is greater than t-value and it showed a big difference between the two Air Freshener Spray, so the alternative hypothesis, “There is a significant difference between the commercial and homemade perfume in terms of: color, odor and general acceptability”, was accepted. Table 1.3 T-test Testing on the Difference on the Acceptability of the quality attributes of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract as an Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray and the Commercialized one. | T-computed| T-value| Degrees of freedom| Interpretation(Alternative)| Color| 4| 1.701| 28| Accepted|
Odor| 6| 1.701| 28| Accepted|
Texture| 6| 1.701| 28| Accepted|
These results further explain that the quality attributes of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract as an Alternative Home Air Freshener Spray and the Commercialized Air Freshener Spray really differ with each other because the General Acceptability of the Homemade Air Freshener Spray was acceptable. CHAPTER V
Conclusion and Recommendation
Conclusion
Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. As to the economic value, the Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings Extract Mixtures can be a good alternative Air Freshener since the product was proved to be inexpensive and easy to prepare in view of the fact that all the materials are all available in the locality based from the computed mean. 2. Survey showed that most of the respondents accepted the homemade air freshener based from the computed t-test. 3. Based on the results, the alternative hypothesis was accepted. Recommendations
1. To further improve the study the researchers recommend the following: Use other essential oils. 2. Conduct other investigation using Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) Petals and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peelings. 3. Conduct several trials and compare the results of each trial. 4. Application of new technology in preparing the Air Freshener Spray.
Bibliography
Online Resources
* (http://www.ehow.com/how_4869553_make-lavender-perfume-lavender-buds.html) * (http://www.blurtit.com/q4443314.html)
* (http://www.ehow.com/how_4480984_make-sampaguita-perfume.html) * (http://www.ehow.com/how_4478932_turn-rose-petals-perfume.html) * (http://www.ehow.com/about_6506406_perfume-made-garland-lillies.html) * (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_odor)
* (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfume)
Other Resources:
* McMath, Robert. “Whether the Cover or Kill, Air Fresheners Smell like Big Business.” Brandweek34, no. 8 (February 22, 1993):34. * Melissa Breyer, Producer, Care2 Green Living.
