The Incontestable Japanese Leadership How did Japanese ?rms come to dominate the facsimile industry The Incontestable Japanese Leadership In capturing the top by the bo1om •? Facsimile is a major mean of communica=on in Japan, that created incen=ves to innova=ons •? Japanese ?rms invested aggressively and early in new technologies •? They targeted the mid sizes corporate customers, which is numerous and ?exible, and somehow neglected by U. S ?rms. •? They are also very quick to adopt the new G3 and G4 standards to capture and change the market. •? Major U. S. producers, such as Xerox, Siemens, Burroughs… , being
late in the tech race, eventually sourcing fax machines from Japanese ?rms or exit the market. •? The Incontestable Japanese Leadership In staying on top of the giants Japanese ?rms created smaller machines to capture the small business and personal market. •? They also invest heavily in technology and R&D such as automa=ons and new models to gain an edge over compe=tors •? They manufacture their own important parts such as microprocessors and printers, to create dis=nc=on and also to ensure quality •? Japanese ?rms established clusters of specialized producers to further enhance their compe==veness. •? By producing
in countries with cheaper labor, they could sell their products at a lower price. U. S Facsimile Manufacturers, The Losers by Negligence Why did the U. S ?rms lose out on their own soil The Lost Facsimile BaTle •? In the U. S, there was a notable lack of interest in facsimile technology in favor of the telex and telegraph. •? This was further compounded by the crea=on of the courier and fast mail services. •? Incompa=bility : Machines from di? erent manufacturers could not communicate with each others. •? The fax machine was even expected to be obsolete, so no one wanted to further develop new, beTer models. The Lost
The Business plan on Technical Analysis & Efficient Market Hypothesis
In finance, technical analysis is a security analysis discipline used for forecasting the direction of prices through the study of past market data, primarily price and volume. Behavioral economics and quantitative analysis use many of the same tools of technical analysis, which, being an aspect of active management, stands in contradiction to much of modern portfolio theory. The efficacy of both ...
Facsimile BaTle •? US manufacturers were slow to integrate new technologies •? Manufacturers also tended to focus on large corporate customers, and making cumbersome and complex systems which lacked ?exibility required by many customers •? They en=rely neglected smaller sized customers which allow the Japanese to take over the very poten=al market Why did France fail to get out of the star=ng block in this Industry? Facsimile equipment was less interested in Europe (including France) in 1970s, European PTTs were reluctant to push facsimile technology un=l they had made back their investment. Deregula=on of telephone
lines came later in Europe than in the United States and Japan. In 1990 many European na=ons s=ll imposed regula=ons on facsimiles. Protec=onist measures had closed the French market to imports, including for impor=ng facsimiles. Threats of Japan’s Leadership in Facsimile Machines •? Interna=onal entrants of Korean electronic ?rms may become threat, such as Samsung, Lucky-? Goldstar, and Daewoo •? The recent economic development in China, par=cularly in its ability to produce very low price electronic equipment •? Common technology in facsimile as result of coopera=ve research and development undertaken by group of
Japanese facsimile ?rms, may also carries grave risk for the compe==veness of individual companies within this industry Enhancing Compe==veness a.? Less regula=on. -?? Regulate only when par=cular sector need government facilita=ons. -?? Heavy regula=ons or government interven=on to any par=cular economic sectors in most cases show disincen=ve for the industry; b.? S=mulated early demands by NOT promo=ng the use of domes=c products for o? ce and personal uses, but by allowing foreign ?rms to baTle in the domes=c market. This way can make local market reaches interna=onal standard, local ?rms to develop, and employees
to be beTer. Enhancing Compe==veness c. Triggering innova=on through segng stringent standards, which leads industry to seek more e? cient mode of produc=ons as well as compe==ve products. In the case, when NTT applied Type Approval Cer=? ca=on (TAC), two things happened. -?? Firstly, all facsimile companies seek for this TAC since it re? ects compliance to quality standard; otherwise products that are not cer=? ed can not be sold in par=cular countries. -?? Secondly, TAC also func=ons as soi-? protec=on to na=onal products. Imported products that fail from cer=? ca=on are not allowed to enter na=onal market.
The Business plan on Alpha Audio Product Market Industry
ALPHA AUDIO Executive Summary ALPHA Audio, a leading global electronics manufacturer, is going to produce the innovative and exciting car audio compact disk recorder and receiver. This product will be capable of recording music off the radio and engraving it onto a compact disk for later listening enjoyment. When the consumer hears a song on the radio that they like, they will press the red, ...
