Royal Blue Airlines is a medium sized airline company offering flights throughout the United States, Mexico, Caribbean Islands, and Latin America. The company operates a fleet of Boeing 737 aircrafts and is in the process of replacing older ones with newer, state-of-the-art planes. These new planes are very expensive, so management wants to maximize passenger count. A study has been authorized to determine: Is there is a difference in the number of passengers taking flights (DV) that are based upon certain days of the week (IV)? Population and Size
The population for this study consists of airline passengers that numbers in the millions. This population is a vast number of subjects and unrealistic to gather data on each one. The target population will be chosen, and inferences will be made about how the results also apply to the entire population. Target Population
By narrowing the research to just passengers on Royal Blue Airlines, the study becomes more manageable. Royal Blue Airlines stores data on each flight so they have already had a head start on determining customer trends. By using their company’s data, the cost of the project is drastically reduced and will offer greater insight to answer the research question. Sampling Element
A survey consisting of six questions (Appendix A) will be handed out to all passengers during flights for a one-month period. The returned surveys will serve as a database for this project and from which random samples are taken. For additional information, management can compare survey results to passenger data stored in the company database. The information generated from surveys and data mining will be analyzed to determine if there is a difference in passenger count for each day of the week. Method of Sampling
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The surveys are collected and placed in the order they are received, each one given a sequential number to avoid duplicates. The method of sampling used in this project is systemic sampling. A random number from 1 to 100 is selected as the starting point or first member of the sample. Another randomly selected number from 1 to 25 is chosen to be the interval value n. Each sample contains the first member and each subsequent nth survey until the sample size is reached. This method is simple; each survey response is given an equal probability of being selected, and the whole population of surveys will be evenly sampled. Sample Size Calculation
The sample size is a simple calculation using stated parameters such as confidence level or Z-Score, margin of error, and standard deviation. For this research study, the confidence level is 95%, and the margin of error is 5%, therefore, each sample size is determined to be 289 responses. The calculation is in Appendix B. Validity and Reliability
Validity in research “establishes whether the results obtained meet the requirements of the scientific research method” (Shuttleworth, 2014).
This research has validity because the surveys are not mandatory, and selection of each sample is through random selection using systemic sampling. Reliability in research means any “significant results are inherently repeatable” (Shuttleworth, 2014).
Additionally, other researchers must be able to perform the same experiment under similar condition and achieve the same results. This research method is simple and given a random number generator; it is easily repeatable. Data Collection
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The number of surveys for each flight will match the number of passengers, and the number of surveys returned will determine the percentage of responses per flight. The surveys will be placed in an envelope labeled by flight number and day of the week, and collected at each airport nightly during the month. The envelopes from each airport will be sent nightly to corporate headquarters so the surveys can be accounted. Each survey will be a record in a dedicated, secure database so other research and reporting can be done. Only database administrators will have access to the database to reduce the chance of fraud or to tamper with the data. Conclusion
Royal Blue Airlines has experienced a range in passenger count and management wants to know if it occurs on certain days of the week. This research study is designed to be simple in its execution and deliver reliable and valid results every time. The feedback from the survey will help determine why passengers fly on specific days allowing management to tailor a strategy for increasing passenger count on days with fewest passengers.
Reference
Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P.S. (2011).
Business Research Methods (11th ed.).
New York, NY: Irwin.
McClave, James T., Benson, P. George, Sincich, Terry (2011).
Statistics for Business and Economics (11th ed.).
Boston, MA: Pearson Education. Scott Smith, P. (2014).
Determining Sample Size. Retrieved from Qualtrics, LLC.: www.qualtrics.com
