Jorge Luis Borges Style Jorge Luis Borges is the Argentina writer. He began his literary activity in Spain as one of founders of a modernist direction – ultraism which principles he have later developed in the Argentina poetry. Borges has gained wide popularity with fantastic stories that contained idea of absurdity of the world to that their complicated figurative structure corresponds. He was the author of many literary researches and essays. Ultraism is one of the “left” directions in the Spanish poetry, arisen after World War I. The motto of ultraism “ultra” was proclaimed in December 1918 by critic R. Asens.
Ultraism expressed anarchical revolt of petty-bourgeois intelligence against petty-bourgeois platitude and bourgeois limitation. It rejected national cultural traditions, proclaiming necessity of creation of the “new” poetry corresponding to “dynamism” of 20 century. On foreground ultraism put forward only formal searches. They were refusal of a rhyme, the classical metrics and punctuation marks, a combination of an image verbal with visual, arising as a result of the certain typographical figure of a verse, the elliptic figurativeness constructed on only subjective associations. In Latin America the preacher of ultraism became Argentina poet Jorge Luis Borges. Despite of popularity of this direction in the beginning of 20th, its supporters have not created significant products, and to 1923-24 it has ceased to exist.
The Term Paper on Poetry Intertextual
The anthology “Lines to Time” includes a wide range of poems written by a selection of poets. What makes “Line to Time” interesting and enjoyable to read is the variety of topic and treatment the poets use to make their poetry effective. The range of poets featured in “Lines to Time” use a variety of poetic devices and writer’s techniques such as symbolism, imagery, alliteration, onomatopoeia, ...
One of Borges’ the most known novels is The Babylon Library. The main hero of the novel is a certain real-life library that contained all world space. It is confused like a labyrinth. Books crosses in it, being mirror reflected in each other. In comparison with this library the legendary Babel tower is the pity claim of human imagination for grandness. The library consists of sections.
Sections have a form of a hexahedron and serve simultaneously as book-depositories and reading rooms. Every hexahedron is penetrated with a spiral staircase leaving downwards and upwards. Concepts of the beginning and the end are not applicable to everything that is in this library and to itself. Infinity is its main characteristic. Inhabitants of this freakish universe once were frightened of cold infinity of the world and a problem facing to them to learn it and to agree submissively with whose doubtful idea and “as if there is a book in the library that contains essence and a summary of all other books”. (see The Meaning of Experience in the Prose of Jorge Luis Borges 21-22) Borges’ novels are an intellectual riddle where the reader should be active as a decoder. Borges realizes, what consequences can result fear of inhabitants of the Babylon library, if it overcomes forces of reason. Avoiding rough didactics, Borges denies their timid decision with a big amount of hints.
For example, in the novel it is told, that the library contains the true catalogue, and also the catalogue proving its falsity. Having compared the facts, the reader comes to a conclusion, that the book ostensibly containing all true of infinite world of library should have the antipode – other book in relation to which the first will look a brilliant sample of lie. In the essay “Concerning classics” Borges wrote, that “any preference can appear a prejudice”. It concerns the inhabitants of the Babylon library who have preferred one book too. Infinity is one of Borges’ favorite words Borges, apparently, overlooks about existence of border between imagination and a reality of imagination. Every time when he should choose from two invented adventures, he chooses an adventure of fiction.
When he have been asked what episode from “Don Quijote” by Cervantes he considers to be the “most wonderful”, Borges has answered, that it is the most amazing, when in the second part of the novel heroes as professional readers discuss the contents of its first part just read by them. Invented heroes read the invented book realistically narrating about them (it is a reality of imagination).
The Essay on The God of Small Things Book Analysis
The God of Small Things Book Analysis Character: Esthappen, referred to as Estha, and Rahel are twins. Both are innocent children who are still learning their manners. When they grow up and separate, Rahel moves to America and gets married, and Estha leaves to go with Babu, their father who has left them. When he returns to Ayemenem, Rahel also returns because they have a special bond. Their ...
Depth of fiction makes unforgettable effect of plausibility. Borges is considered to be “the difficult writer”. However some people have opposite opinion. They consider, that it is better to speak, that he is the typical representative of Spanish Portuguese Latin American schools of writers. Except for that they consider that it is impossible to concern to Borges’ works as to usual literary products.
It is more likely philosophical literary prose. The style of philosophy of Borges is strange and unusual. His books are sated with the emotions sometimes latent somewhere deep, but ready to escape at any moment. But you understand it later. Ideas of will of Schopenhauer rendered huge influence on the writer and his creativity. The main things in him are things. A sight at the world through a prism of things.
Ideas are in things, will is in things. The God is in things, the God is in all. The God surrounds us, he forms the world… Most brightly it is visible in novel The Aleph. The universe is concluded in one point. Relations between people have remained outside attention of the writer. People are not the main thing.
The main is a world around, events, consequences, things. It is very strange, but it is not felt characters and emotions, but the world surrounding heroes, all material around is sharply felt. We transfer in a garden where paths branches, in the pocket universe, we live with heroes their life in the read out instants. But in this world there are no people, there are THINGS and will that fills them up. Loans from east philosophy that is rather unusual to the western person are very characteristic and appreciable. And it is not mechanical imitation. It is just small parts of the East are organically twisted in a string of reasoning.
And practically in each novel the death dominates. It does not stick out an awful stench outside, is not fine and not perfect, it is simply exist. Even is this fleeting mentioned or the major event. Actually Borges was Borges himself as he wrote contrary to all main canons of the literature. Already in 20th years when he, as well as a century, was the little more than twenty years, he realized dangers which trap any national literature of the remote country: picturesque local color, enthusiasm with which own voice affirms, that it is still not present, nostalgic ethnographic descriptions or the engaged literature explaining to the world our originality. In one word, Borges realized dangers of a modernism, which till now is not absolutely disappeared, and Latin Americanism which then soared in air.
The Essay on World Literature 4
Alexander Solzhenitsyn revolutionized the world of literature; he changed it from being about simply telling a story or just reiterating facts to exposing the truth and hoping to change the world. This began when Solzhenitsyn spoke out against the Russian government and was then sent to a prison camp in Siberia. He wrote about his experience in prison, and this was the first time anyone found out ...
Borges wrote contrary to all this. In everything that he did, there was a certain irony. As Argentina is the small version of big nations, as they speak on a “small” variant of Spanish, as they with delay in some centuries have got in libraries of the Western world, they shall transform these compelled features into their own choice. That means that they shall double the rate, having turned marginality of origins in marginality at a choice. For Borges the most grandiloquent (and, accordingly, the most ridiculous) in a position of the Argentina writer was unwillingness to recognize it. He benevolently accepts what cannot be rejected. If to formulate more dramatically, accepts the destiny.
In 40th years it allowed him to write two or three books of stories which became the top of his creativity and for which poetic validity has defined a place among great texts of our century. He has managed to write “Aleph” and Invented histories because before he has much achieved in marginal forms and themes. Borges was Borges himself, as he has dared to write about one “small” poet Evaristo Carriego, as he has published in “Criticism” (the popular newspaper known for the sensational and scandalous materials) “small” texts of The World History of Disgrace. Borges was Borges himself as he has refused from the main literary canons of the end of a century and from avant-garde (has refused a modernism, symbolism, surrealism) and searched for the melody in short lines and in the literature of Gaucho. Undoubtedly, he read all. But the writer is not all that he reads.
The Essay on Early Seventeenth Century Literature
The earlier seventeenth century is famous for such writers as William Shakespeare, Lope de Vega, Miguel de Cervantes, Francis Bacon etc. Literature is always depends on political situation in the world and, surely, art trends. Seventeenth century – is the bloom of reformation and struggle against Catholicity and this fact has its reflection in the literature and art of that period also. The ...
The big writer is more likely everything, that he rejects from read. Everything that he denies. Therefore Borges’ tone is softened. These double and threefold refusals which are read in his texts give mitigation, the indirect statement – understatement, a word, as any another, describing Borges: to tell less, than it would be desirable to tell, tell less, than someone other could tell. When Borges with admiration speaks about modesty of Enrique Banchs verses, we can trust him because modesty, refusal of revelations is an original sign of his own writing. Borges chose “smaller” among the main literary genres: a detective, the book review, variations on themes of other texts, translation. He managed a masquerade (strategy, which is selected by small to surpass big one) and consequently he has created essay which actually were stories, and the stories having the form of an essay. Because of it Borges perfectly owned art of the citation.
Nobody used citations so artfully and so deceptive. It is ever impossible to believe in them entirely, they never stand on completely necessary place and frequently seem casual, resulted with any other purpose. Citations in Borges’ texts are not for proofs and not for the insurance. On the contrary, citations are a place where the text breaks, endangers. Only the academic prose believes that to continue after the citation simply. (Source 2) Borges quoted in order not to write, and wrote to quote.
It is only at first sight gesture of humility. His numerous praises to reading is praise to the citation. The use of citations was the program of interrelation with the world literature in which Argentina literature makes only small part. Probably, Borges has understood it before all others. After ten years since death Borges appeared the unique writer of XX century symbolizing aesthetic values, to this day essential to a survival of the initial world literature. He occupies this position not only in relation to the Latin American literature, but also to the literature of the Western world and, probably even, global literature.
The Essay on Romance In Literature Analysing Walt Whitman
Romantic literature, particularly poetry, often sees man in communication with natural world, rather than with other men. It trusts instincts, the emotions and the heart rather than reason, intellect and head. "The romantic believes and trusts only himself, believing that society and civilization corrupt humanity's natural innocence and instinct for good." (English Literature-Martin Stephen. 220) ...
Without any exaggerations it is possible to say, that Borges consciousness and successfully embodied idea of the traditional literature. As the creator he takes place of Dante and Shakespeare, Cervantes and Joyce of our epoch. The writer became a synonym of literary Spanish language. Today Borges is his Knight of the Rueful Countenance. Also he is similar to Don Quijote, he cannot suffer defeat, at least, in the own world. Even if Borges also rejected mentality of an epoch that was shown in infinite contempt for Freud, he has found a way to transform the defensive position of century. Borges stood aside Freud, being united with Shakespeare, coming back to own sources whereas he avoided Freud, searching the union with all big masters of the European novel.
Borges asserts authority of the literature, superiority of Dante and Shakespeare above any other applicants for spiritual leadership, even if their contenders were religion, politics or psychoanalysis. At the same time Borges’ true triumph, triumph which puts an equal-sign between him and Walt Whitman was that Borges was genius of Evening Land too. It is similar to Whitman, Borges asserts that our backlog is, as a matter of fact, a new anticipation. In Borges, Borges himself and are alloyed, that attaches to a figure of the writer of the Western hemisphere new significance. He becomes certain Adam at the beginning of life. Borges does not possess natural power of Whitman. However he has given a new life to “Walt Whitmans idea which remains a starting point of our literature. There is brief formulation of lasting greatness of Borges: having merged with the literature, he has united initial and everything that Borges invented in one category so words aesthetic value of the literature and “Borges” became synonyms.
It is impossible to tell any word about Jorge Luis Borges and not to run into paradox. He is limiting rationalistic. He is the pragmatist in household and philosophical sense of a word: in logic, a history of religion, east and western mysticism, physics of XX century, a history of the literature, even in politics Borges chooses only that represents as he said “aesthetic value”.
Bibliography:
Ageana, Ian T.: The Meaning of Experience in the Prose of Jorge Luis Borges, New York: Peter Lang, 1988, City Library, 16 Apr. 2006; Woodall, Jack: The Man in the Mirror of the Book. A Life of Jorge Luis Borges, London, Hodder & Stoughton, 1996, 254 pp.;.
The Essay on Leaves Of Grass Whitman Miller Life
Analysis Of Critical Analysis Of Leaves Of Analysis Of Critical Analysis Of Leaves Of Grass By Walt Whitman Alex Pere Perez 1 Mrs. Michels 05/00 Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman In the twentieth century, the name Walt Whitman has been synonymous with poetry. Whitman? s most celebrated work, Leaves of Grass, was the only book he ever wrote, and he took a lifetime to write it. A large assortment of ...
