Within the last decade or so, the issue of domestic resource mobilisation has attracted considerable attention in many developing countries. In the face of unabating debt difficulties, coupled with the domestic and external financial imbalances confronting them, it is not surprising that many developing nations have been forced to adopt stabilisation and adjustment policies which demand better and more efficient methods of mobilising domestic financial resources with the view to achieving financial stability and promoting economic growth (Kiabel and Nwokah, 2009).
Taxation plays a crucial role in promoting economic activity and growth. Through taxation, government ensures that resources are channeled towards important projects in the society, while giving succour to the weak. Unfortunately, in today’s Nigeria, the economic development is nothing to write home about. The role of taxation in promoting economic activity and growth is not felt primarily because of its poor administration. According to Olashore (1999), the economy has remained in a deep slumber, all macroeconomic indicators show an economy in dire need of rejuvenation, reflation and indeed radical reform. Also in the view of Oni (1998), tax administration needs to be revamped while refunds of taxes as well as duty drawbacks administration are inefficient.
A critical challenge before tax administration in the 21st century Nigeria is to advance the frontiers of professionalism, accountability and awareness of the general public on the imperatives and benefits of taxation in our personal and business lives which include: promoting economic activity; facilitating savings and investment; and generating strategic competitive advantage. If tax administration does not for any reason meet the above challenges, then there is a desperate need for reform in the area of the tax regime we run, and in the administration of taxes.
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STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM
Identifying critical tax administration challenges in the 21st century Nigeria and measures required to meet challenges will not only guarantee improved revenue base for the country but also position the country properly to take full advantages offered by the new millennium. This research work shall examine the tax administration and compliance in Nigeria by analyzing the tax gap in the system over the years thereby revealing the critical challenges that need be tackled.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
Broadly, the objective of this study is to identify the critical tax administration challenges before Nigeria in the 21st century and pinpointing measures required by tax authorities and practitioners to meet them. In view of the above, the researcher intends to find out the following:
• To examine the tax administration and compliance in Nigeria;
• To investigate the impact of tax administration on Nigerian economy?
• To examine the tax gap in Nigerian tax system;
• To identifying the challenges that facing the tax administration in the country.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The study would examine the following questions:
(1) What is the prevalence of tax administration and compliance in Nigeria? (2) Does tax administration has any significant impact in an economy? (3) Is there any tax gap in the Nigerian tax system?
(4) What factors could be responsible for tax gap if available?
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RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
(1.) H0: That the tax administration in Nigeria has not impacted on the economy. H1: That the tax administration in Nigeria has impacted on the economy.
(2.) H0: That there is no tax gap in the Nigerian tax system. H1: That there is tax gap in the Nigerian tax system.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND SOURCES OF DATA
The data for this study would be obtained mainly from both primary and secondary sources. The primary data would be gathered through the administration of questionnaires among selected staff of the Federal Inland Revenue Board. The responses would be analysed using frequency tables, percentages and chi-square statistical method. The secondary data that relate to televant information that depicts the tax structure and characteristics of Nigeria shall be collected from different publications of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Federal Office of Statistics,
Federal Inland Revenue (FIR).
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This research work shall cover the following areas:
– An evaluation of Tax administration in Nigeria;
– Critical tax administration challenges in the 21st century Nigeria and;
– Measures required by tax authorities and practitioners to meet these challenges.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
There cannot be a better time to work on critical challenges of tax administration in the 21st century than now especially with the growing tax consciousness among various governments in Nigeria. This research work would contributes to the empirical literature by focusing on the tax administration and compliance in Nigeria with the view of identifying the critical challenges such as corruption and fraud that are confronting the tax system so that appropriate measures could be taken to tackle the menace.
PLAN OF THE STUDY
This research work shall commence by providing a background of the subject matter justifying the need for the study, followed by literature review and theoretical framework concerning tax administration and compliance in Nigeria. The research method shall then be outlined before relevant data are presented and discussed. Concluding comments shall reflect on limitations of the study and identify implications of the findings.
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References
Kiabel B. D. and Nwokah N. G. (2009), “Boosting Revenue Generation by State Governments in Nigeria: The Tax Consultants Option Revisited”, European Journal of Social Sciences – Volume 8, Number 4.
Olashore, O. (1999), “Strategies for Economic Revival,” The Guardian Newspaper, Friday, July 23.
Oni, B. (1998), “Impact of Tax on Industrial Development,” The Guardian
Newspaper, Wednesday, November 4.
