The red river Settlement was founded by the Fifth Earl of Selkirk, Thomas Douglas, Inthe year 1812. He called his settlement Aissinidoia. Aissinidoia was a close knit communitywhose economy was built around the Hudson Bay Company. The settlement was split into twomajor groupings: The French speaking and predominate Roman Catholic Metis and the Englishspeaking and predominate Protestant “country born”.
The Earl of Selkirk, Thomas Douglas, bought the Hudson Bay Company in 1811 and wasable to get a grant of land for 300 000km2. The Earl called this settlement Aissinidoia. The Earlhoped his settlement would attract some former Hudson Bay Company employees. He hoped thesettlement would produce enough food for his company.
The Metis were half-breed French/Natives. They were extremely helpful to the settlerswhen the first moved to the red river area. Some historians believe that if it was not for the Metisthat the settlement would not have survived. Eventually the Metis allied with the North WestCompany who were highly opposed to the Hudson Bay Company moving in. The Nor’westerswere worried that they could lose their fur supply and pemmican.
In 1815 the Nor’westers tempted people to move to Upper Canada with offers of betterland. The Earl of Selkirk quickly resettled the colony. Some tension between the nor’westers,with their allies the Metis, and the settlers led to violence. North West Company men andhalf-breeds now resorted to violence on a large scale, killing 22 in the massacre of Seven Oaks(June 19, 1816).
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Upon hearing of the violence the earl went to the fighting with a group of Swisssoldiers. Not only did they win the battle but also captured the Nor’westers trading post of FortWilliam. Other attacks followed. The result of these moves was a series of court charges andcounter charges that ruined Selkirk. When Lord Selkirk’s legal battles were finally settled, hereturned to England. He died in France in the year 1820, just a few months before the twobickering companies resolved their differences and merged.
Once Selkirk heard what happened he made his way to where the fight was happening withsome Swiss soldiers. Selkirk re-established his colony and also took controlled fort William. Thelast fight proved to be the last straw for the fur trade companies in the area.
The Red River Cart was an excellent transportation method invented by the Metis. Oneman could drive up to 10 carts carrying up to 550 kg each. They would tie the following ox tothe back of the lead cart. etc. They were mainly used for carrying hides and furs. Sometimes thecarts would follow hunting parties and haul the slain animals. In the years in and around 1856almost all goods in the Red River region were being transported by these carts. One of the bestfacts about these carts is how simple they were. They could easily be repaired in the middle ofthe prairie with very few tools. They were made only of wood and were pulled by an ox or apony. Trains of one hundred to two hundred carts would all leave a town at once. The cartshortly became a symbol of the Metis and the trails that the carts followed became known as RedRiver trails. In 1878 Harper’s Magazine included a description of the Red River Cart which Ihave included here:“It is simply a light box with a pair of shafts, mounted on an axle connecting two enormouswheels. Ther is no concession made to the aversion of the human frame to sudden violentchanges of level; there is no weakness of luxury about this vehicle. The wheels are broad in thefelloes (rims), so as not to cut through the prairie sod. They are long in the spokes, so as to passsafely through fords and mudholes. They are very much dished so that they can be strappedtogether and rawhide stretched over them to make a boat. The whole cart is made of wood; thereis not a bit of metal about it, so that, if anything breaks, the material to repair it is easily found.The axles are never greased and they furnish an incessant answer to the old conundrum: “Whatmakes more noise than a pig in a poke?”
The Research paper on The River Motif in the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Huckleberry Finn… this is the very name that can sound familiar to almost everybody from pupils in elementary school through students at university to elderly grandparents. But the more astonishing is that the characters, the flow of events and the bunch of themes,symbols and motifs included mean for everybody something absolutely different. Till for an 11- year- old little boy it provides a real ...
