Southern Dialect in William Faulkners Works The purpose of every writer is to create a personal world and make the reader feel all of its aspects and peculiarities. The works of William Faulkner directly reflect his own living experience and therefore appeal to the readers all over the world. The writer lived in the delta of Mississippi and has witnessed many events, which happened there after the Civil War. Faulkners stories focus on the South-eastern United States at a time period when old traditions began to clash with new ideals. This is an era in American history with which most people can quickly identify, whether they are Southern or not. The Suth in Faulkners wrks is cmplete with all the expected features: an agricultural sciety, Suthern belles and gentlemen, racial tensins, and especially the cmmn characteristics f Suthern speech.
Faulkner strays frm the nrmal custms f Nrthern literature t present a realistic prtrait f the Suth that he grew up in. In ding s, he cmes up with an excellent sample f the Suthern language, including linguistic qualities f bth black and white speech. Faulkner establishes a unique literary vice, which is recgnizable due t variances frm Standard English in vcabulary, prnunciatin, and grammatical frm, while juxtapsing speech elements freign t anyne nt familiar with Suthern heritage. The wrks f William Faulkner succeed in creating a literary dialect, which is relatively cnsistent thrughut all f his stries. In Faulkners writing, this can be described by such traits as an intentinal misspelling, like marster fr master, r in the use f Miss alng with the given first name f a female, as in Miss Crrie. These, amngst cuntless ther examples, are distinctly Suthern speech traditins.
The Term Paper on Nabkvs Llita Vs Faulkners Caddy
Nabkvs Llita vs. Faulkners Caddy Nabkvs Llita and Faulkners Caddy are tw very cntrversial characters that represent wmens develpment during mid 20th Century. Vladimir Nabkvs inspiratin fr writing Llita came frm hearing abut an ape that was taught t draw after being lcked up in a cage, while given treats t encurage certain behavir. After many mnths f cnfinement, the ape finally drew a picture f the ...
Anyne nt frm the Suth may need explanatins f much f Faulkners prnunciatins, wrds, usages, and language custms, which the authr himself takes fr granted. Because Faulkner has emplyed such a vast and cmplex Suthern dialect in his stries, the language he uses has becme a micrcsm f Suthern language as a whle. In Faulkner, this lcal speech is a mixture f Suthern American and Negr dialgue with all the flklre frm Virginia t Luisiana, Flrida t Texas (Brwn 2).
Faulkners dialect is effective bth as a literary device and as a link between the American English language and American culture and histry, specifically in the Sutheast. The Suth is prbably the mst linguistically diversified part f the natin. Blacks and whites frm Atlanta t Charlestn t Nashville speak a different frm f Standard English in a different versin f the Suthern accent.
Part f this linguistic diversity is reflected in the way that the Suthern aristcracy can shift nt nly vcabulary and prnunciatin, but even grammar, accrding t the audience ((1) McDavid 219).
This technique is very much alive in Faulkners wrk. Fr example, in The Reivers, the upper-class grandfather character Bss is an educated man f high scial standing in the cmmunity. Yet, when he is in the cmpany f nly his grandsn Lucius, as part f a lecture, he says the safe things aint always the best things ((2) Faulkner 117).
Thrughut the bk, Bsss speech mves frm the frmal t the infrmal, largely depending n the intimacy he feels with the persn r persns t whm he is speaking. Such a case illustrates that Faulkner is well aware f the prestige nrms that exist in Suthern speech, and he takes advantage f this knwledge.
Faulkners characters reveal a tendency t speak in a slang-like r nn-prescriptive grammar when they cnverse with ther characters that they knw well, ften apparent in the frm f jkes and metaphrical language. Similarly t the aristcratic speaker, the less educated Suthern speaker ften attempts t imprve his r her speech when in a frmal setting. McDavid asserts that the cmmn way t d s is by using bigger wrds and lnger sentences, smetimes resulting in the ridiculus ((2) McDavid 265).
The Essay on Effects of speech and language difficulties in children
Speech, communication and language development are always at the heart of each and every child’s learning as well as the link to other areas of the child’s development. Without these skills in speech, language and communication, a child will not reach their full potentials. According to a report by the Charity ICAN, one out of ten children, about three children in every classroom have difficulties ...
A gd example f such in Faulkner ccurs in As I Lay Dying when Anse, a rural, farming man, attempts t sund elquent at a time f utmst slemnity. During a funeral speech, Anse states the fllwing: The smebdy yu was yung with and yu grwed ld in her and she grwed ld in yu, seeing the ld cming n and it was the ne smebdy yu culd hear say it dnt matter and knw it was the truth uten the hard wrld and all a mans grief and trials ((1) Faulkner 511).
It is bvius that Anse intends t speak frmally in this situatin, thus Faulkner fllws McDavids rule f Suthern speech abut the elngatin f sentences and its irregular result. This passage is successful in tw ways.
First, it reveals a realistic trait cmmn in the Sutheast, reflecting the slidarity nrm based n lcal nn-standard speech. Secnd, it serves as a very pwerful literary technique because the ratin captures the high level f sincerity in the speaking character. Anther highly cmmn frm f Suthern dialect, which is ften seen in Faulkners writing, is the presence f African American speech features. There are numerus examples f black speech in Faulkner that fllw linguistic patterns. Hwever, it is the purpse f this essay t view nly a few f the mst cmmn. Alphns Smith defines the mst general rule f Suthern Negr speech as the tendency t prnunce wrds like mre, stre, fur, and flr withut the r sund, as in m, st, f, and fl (Smith 365).
Faulkner hlds true t this generalizatin by narrating similar speech frm the black characters in his bks. Fr instance, in As I Lay Dying, the character Cash ffers a statement, which prves Faulkners cnfrmity t this Black English nrm when he says, I aint s sh that ere a man has the right t say what is crazy and what aint ((1) Faulkner 221).
Further, linguists such as Raven and Virginia McDavid have gathered that the ldest and least educated, as well as many Negr infrmants in their Suthern language studies have demnstrated dminant usage f such ungrammatical verb past tenses as div fr dive, grwed fr grw, and riz fr rise ((3) McDavid 264-280).
Accrdingly, in Faulkners The Sund and the Fury, there is an immense sign n the Negr Secnd Baptist Church which reads He Is Ris. Faulkner als depicts the vernacular f Suthern blacks in his pulent use f repetitin and Biblical allusin. It has been nted by researchers f Suthern linguistics that a strng relatinship exists between the rituals f black churches and everyday black speech custms. Examples f this relatinship include religius reference, lng pauses, swaying and gesturing, and repetitin (Jnes-Jacksn 115-124).
The Essay on Delivered His Speech Black Story White
Battle Royal If I had to pick one out of the many stories that we have read and say that it moved me the most, I would have to say that the story would have to be " Battle Royal.' The reason that the story did move me so was because of the author's keens use of symbolism. I intend to prove, using textual evidence, that through the use of symbolism, the author portrays a larger meaning than what is ...
Althugh it is impssible t identify with many f these aspects f black speech while reading wrds n a page, it is clear that Faulkner takes advantage f thse aspects that the readers can detect. Fr instance, all f his wrks display abundant uses f the wrds Jesus, heaven, and crucifixin, and smetimes chir hymns such as all flks talkin but heaven aint gwine dar appear in the speech f black characters (Brwn 19-222).
Much f Faulkners writing has viewed blacks humanely, giving them a significant vice in the Suthern American culture. Hwever, fr the mst part, the literature reflects the general scial attitude twards blacks at the time, which renders their language substandard and basically inferir t that f mst whites. In the stries f Faulkner, the authr writes in his natural language, which he learned grwing up in Mississippi. This language, bviusly, is what cnstitutes his literary dialect. Nevertheless, a clser bservatin f the linguistic style f his writing reveals exactly hw he establishes this uncnventinal dialect. Primarily, Faulkner utilizes the technique f intentinal variatin f wrds frm Standard English rthgraphy r, t be mre specific, he purpsefully spells wrds incrrectly. The examples f this in his wrks ccur n a page-by-page basis.
Sme f the mre cmmn and peculiar, ccurring in mre than just ne f his stries, are Ferginny fr Virginia, ricklick fr recllect r remember, and gwine r ghy fr ging t (Brwn 19-222).
Anther similar prnunciatin feature f Faulkners wrk is the cmbining f tw like wrds t create a new wrd with a new spelling. Tw examples f this actin are aggravke, a blend f aggravate and prvke, and agment, used as a cmbinatin f agny and trment (Brwn 19).
In additin t these, Faulkner als plays n language variatin by exhibiting wrds r expressins t which the average English speaker cannt pssibly knw the meaning. Wrds like jumper fr denim jacket and pants r dragn fr a Ku Klux Klansman, and expressins such as struck and jumped t signify picking up the scent f and then killing a deer, fall int this categry (Brwn 19-222).
The Essay on Iversity In The English Language
Any new coming freshman to West Virginia University is certain to hear a larger variety of accents and dialect in the English language than they have ever before encountered. West Virginia University has a diverse student body, which includes students from all fifty states and over one hundred different nations. West Virginia Universitys webpage statistics show that approximately twenty-nine ...
Finally, t establish his literary dialect, Faulkner ensures that grammatical frms are used that d nt appear in the textbks – except as awful warnings (Ives 147).
Many f these have already been discussed abve, but several thers appear in the writing as in the multiple cases f duble negatives, eliminating the g frm wrds ending in -ing, and placing the wrd like at the end f adjectives fr emphasis (as in prper-like, and quick-like).
In shrt, mst f these features, and the lcal dialect as a whle, can be seen in such passages as the fllwing frm As I Lay Dying: I knw that ld Marster will care fr me as fr ere a sparrw that falls ((1) Faulkner 440).
This qutatin is grammatically unsund, it cntains unusual wrd spelling and prnunciatin, and it als makes use f a seemingly freign phrase r saying. Frm the start, what almst all f these characteristics have in cmmn is that they are chiefly reflectins f the Suthern Lwland dialect, and therefre they make Faulkners literature a symbl f that gegraphical regin and culture as a whle. Sme imprtant questins arise when examining the language f Faulkner r any similarly dialect-riented authr. These questins surrund the actual nature f a dialect, and the way in which it is manifested by the writer n t the page. The literary dialect in the wrks f William Faulkner is almst a carbn-cpy f the Suthern dialect he truly speaks.
Faulkners literary dialect is cnsistent with several f the prevailing trends f Suthern speech. Fr ne, it supprts the thery f Suthern language diversity due t the fact that Faulkners is a distinctly Suthern dialect, yet has many differences frm ther Suthern dialects, including the use f phrases like trade days (days set aside fr auctining) nly used in the immediate area (Brwn 202).
Als, Faulkners writing presents the large quantity f archaic and flk utterances in the Negr dialect, which are the result f years f insufficient educatinal pprtunity. These dialectic wrds, alng with dzens f thers appearing in Faulkners stries, are defined as Suthern in nature in the Dictinary f American Reginal English (DARE).
The Term Paper on Range Dialect Education English Minnesota
Fall 1998 Minnesota Iron Range Dialect I am a Minnesotan. I have lived here all my life and may continue to do so. Stereotype me: The 10 o'clock news is my window dressing for the 10 o'clock weather (Mohr, 9). You betcha it is. Yah. I wouldn't want you to think that I'm not happy here-it could be worse. Lute fisk... umm, my favorite. Are you close; is this representative of myself and most my ...
Faulkner, quite simply, delineates a place rich in the traditin and pride f the average Sutherner. Cnsequently, the speech in his text als carries sme f the stigmas attached t Suthern life itself.
First and fremst f these blemishes is the pervading tne f racism, autmated by the appearance f the wrd nigger in practically all f Faulkners wrks. Althugh the wrd des represent the authenticity f Faulkners dialect, it will always carry with it an arresting level f shame and disgrace. The feeling f racism is perpetuated by the fact that mst f the Negr speech in Faulkner is slightly less standard than white speech, giving it a hint f inferirity. Althugh Faulkner explres the issue f racism with an pen mind and even attempts t repudiate sme f the negative cnntatins assciated with blacks, his genuine Suthern tngue cannt cmpletely detach frm the very real evils f racial injustice in Suthern American histry. Finally, the dialect in these stries, in all f its riginality, cntinues t uphld the ppular belief that Suthern English is, in many instances, bad English emplyed by less intelligent speakers. This setback is mainly attributable in Faulkners writing t the duble negatives, use f aint, and use f third persn dnt.
Cntrary t these negative pinins hwever, mst f the cases f bad grammar here are actually remnants f archaic prper English rather than unintelligent crruptins f mdern English. Thus Faulkners strytelling dialect creates a lasting impressin f his Suthern wrld, encmpassing bth the cmmn and unique, the psitive and the negative. In demnstrating his ability t authr such a realistic, yet riginal wrld, drawing n his wn natural dialect. Works Cited Brown, Calvin S. A Glossary of Faulkners South. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976.
Dictionary of American Regional English. New York: Oxford Press, 1989. Faulkner, William. (1) As I Lay Dying and The Sound and the Fury. New York: The Modern Library, 1966. Faulkner, William.
(2) The Reivers. New York: Random House, 1982. Jones-Jackson, Patricia. Let the Church Say Amen: The Language of Religious Rituals in Coastal South Carolina. Crucible of Carolina: Essays in the Development of Gullah Language and Culture. Ed. Michael Montgomery. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1994.
The Dissertation on The Paper Discusses American English As A Variety Of English
The paper discusses American English as a variety of English. It presents historical evidence that makes it possible to conclude that American English is a distinct variety of the language. The paper observes differences between English in America and England. Outline Introduction Body Influence of early settlers Effect of colonies Main features, influence of the past Spread of English ...
115-124. McDavid, Raven I., Jr. (1) Dialectology: Where Linguistics Meets the People. The Emory University Quarterly XXIII (Winter, 1967), 219. McDavid, Raven I., Jr. (2) Go Slow in Ethnic Attribution: Geographic Mobility and Dialect Prejudices. Varieties of Present-Day English.
Ed. Richard W. Bailey and Jay L. Robinson. New York: Macmillan Company, 1973. 258-270. McDavid, Raven I., Jr., and Virginia McDavid. (3) Kentucky Verb Forms.
Montgomery and Bailey, 1986. 264-293. Smith, Alphonso. Cambridge History of American Literature. New York: Macmillan Company, 1951..