About 4.5 billion years ago, Earth began. Since we can only measure as far back in time as we had solid rock on this planet, we are limited in how we can calculate the real age of the earth. Due to the forces of plate tectonics, our planet is also a very active one. The continual changing and reshaping of the earth’s surface that involves the melting down and reconstructing of old rock has pretty much eliminated most of the original rocks that came with earth when it was newly formed, so the age is a theoretical age. Some of the men who once lived on earth were Neanderthals, cromagnum, and homo sapiens.
There are many religions in the world today. The most common religions are Christianity, Budhism, Judism, and Islam. There are many more religions out there thought. These are just a few.
2,500 years ago, a prince named Siddhartha Gautama saw clearly into the true nature of reality. He began by questioning his sheltered, luxurious lifestyle. Later, while sitting under a Poplar-figtree in India for many days, in deep meditation, he gained enlightenment. For this, he was given the title of Buddha, which means “Enlightened One.” Followers of Buddha are known as Buddhists. Buddhist practices such as meditation are means of changing oneself in order to develop the qualities of awareness, kindness, and wisdom. The experience developed within the Buddhist tradition over thousands of years has created a resource for all those who wish to follow a path, which ultimately ends in Enlightenment. There are over 500 million Buddhists today. A large number of them are from the West. They follow many different forms of Buddhism, but all traditions are portrayed by non-violence, tolerance of differences, and, by the practice of meditation.
The Essay on Absolute Age Of Rock
CHRIS LEI BROCK SHAWN GOL STON EARTH SCIENCE MR. FRENCH PERIOD # 3 9 – 11 – 00 ABSOLUTE AGE OF ROCK ROCKS ARE AN INTERESTING BUT MYSTERIO S THINGS BECAUSE, THERE ARE ALL KINDS OF ROCKS AND WAYS THEY CAN BE FORMED AND HOW THERE FORMED. THE MEANING ABSOLUTE AGE OF ROCK IS HOW OLD A CERTAIN ROCK IS, AND KNOW THAT ME CAN FIND OUT HOW OLD THE EARTH IS IN YEARS, MONTHS OR DAYS. CARBON 14 IS ...
Christianity dates back to the birth, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. It began as a Jewish sect in the eastern Mediterranean under the leadership of the Twelve Apostles. It is based on the teachings of Jesus Christ. Followers of Christianity are called Christians. From the beginning, Christians were persecuted by Jewish leaders who disagreed with the teachings of the apostles. There are three basic types of Christianity: Orthodox, Protestant and Roman Catholic. Some beliefs of Christianity are the Ten Commandments, baptism, communion, repentance, and prayer. Christians worship in churches and, the blessed book of Christianity is the Holy Bible. The Christian Bible has two parts: the Old Testament which is basically the Hebrew scriptures of Jesus’ time; and the New Testament which contains writings about Jesus Christ and about the early church. From its beginning with a tiny group of Jesus’ followers, Christianity has spread all over the world. Today, Christianity is practiced by roughly two billion people. Christianity has experienced many different interpretations, disagreements and struggles for power over the centuries. These have led to the growth of many different branches of Christianity portraying the life, death and resurrection of Jesus in different ways.
Hinduism began about 4000 years ago in India. Hinduism is the world’s oldest living religion. Since there are so many different Hindu practices, people are free to practice however they want. Hinduism is more like an all-around encompassing way of life. Most forms of Hinduism are henotheistic or polytheistic religions. They recognize a single deity, and view other gods and goddesses as signs or characteristics of an ultimate God. The fundamental teaching of Hinduism is that a human being’s basic nature is not confined to the body or the mind. Beyond both of these is the spirit of God within the soul. This spirit is within us and also within everything we see. Their practices vary because of the many different ceremonies performed for special beliefs. One type of ritual is puja or the offering of fruit, raw rice, flowers, incense, and other items to the deity, on a regular basis. Hindus also believe in reincarnation, karma, and cremation. Most people have a shrine to a particular deity. The Hindu code of behavior is called one’s dharma. Ancient Hindu texts were written in Sanskrit, the language of ancient India. Some of the sacred books were the Vedas, the Upanishads, the Mahabharata, and the Ramayana. Hinduism is the world’s third largest religion. About 14% of the world is Hindu. Hinduism is practiced in India, as well as Asia.
The Essay on Christianity and the Identity of Jesus
Although Muslims believe in one God, as do Christians, they reject as heresy that this one God is three persons. For more detail on what Christians believe on this, see the slot we did on this a few weeks ago which is posted on our website. For now, let’s suffice to say that Muslims reject the idea of God being three in one. Especially, the Qu’ran (main holy book of Islam) is strong on ...
Judaism began about 4000 years ago with the Hebrew people in the Middle East. Abraham is considered the father of the Jewish faith. He promoted the essential idea of the Jewish faith: that there is one God. At the time many people in the Middle East worshipped many gods. More than 14 million people practice Judaism. Followers of Judaism are known as Jews. Its texts, traditions, and values have inspired later religions, including Christianity and Islam. Jewish people believe in the Torah, which was the whole of the laws given to the Israelites at Sinai. Other books of the religion are the Talmud and the Tenakh. They believe they must follow God’s laws which govern daily life. Later legal books, written by rabbis, determine the law as it applies to life in each new place and time. Judaism does not have a formal set of mandatory beliefs. The most accepted summary of Jewish beliefs is Rambam’s 13 principles of faith. Even these basic principles have been debated. Judaism focuses on the relationships between the Creator, mankind, and the land of Israel. Jews worship in synagogues. Jews refer to their god as Jehovah or Yahweh. Jews do believe that they are the chosen people, they believe in the Ten Commandments. They also believe in eating kosher.
Confucianism began in 500 BCE in China. Confucianism is based on the teachings of the Chinese philosopher, Confucius. Cultures and countries strongly influenced by Confucianism include China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan and Vietnam, as well as various territories, such as Singapore. The main principle of Confucianism is ren (“humanness”), signifying excellent character in accord with li (ritual norms), zhong (loyalty to one’s true nature), shu (reciprocity), and xiao (filial piety).
The Essay on Business Law Time For Performance
Business Law BA 434 SE Midterm Exam 2001 Spring Term Question One: Jim's promise is not enforceable under the contract law. A contract consists of 3 elements: 1) offer, 2) acceptance, and 3) consideration. The offer must be definite. It must have 1) subject, 2) price, 3) offered, 4) quantity, and 5) time for performance and it must be communicated to the offered. Applying the elements of a ...
Together these represent de (virtue).
Confucius also taught that your well-being depends directly on the well-being of others. This belief is called Jen. Jen stresses the importance of showing civility and faithfulness to other people. Those who practice Confucianism also believe the family and family values are very important. Some people say that Confucianism is more of a description of how to be a good person than an actual religion. Confucius saw heaven itself as a god, the god or higher power that created the good qualities in us. This helps show how Confucianism is more than just a code of behavior. Also, over time characteristics of Buddhism, Daoism, and Taoism have influenced Confucianism. Many people practice a combination of these religions. Today, over five million people, mostly in China and the Middle East, practice Confucianism.
The Romans set up a new government called a republic around 600 B.C. Their government had separate branches. The legislative branch was made up of a senate and two assemblies. Rome also expanded its territories for trade and conquest. Rome became a great power by conquering other lands as well as bringing conquered people into its system. Some principles of Roman law were all citizens had the right to equal treatment under the law, a person was considered innocent until proven guilty, and any law that seemed unreasonable or unfair could be set aside. Many things led to the fall of the Roman Empire. Some factors such as Christianity, decadence, lead, monetary trouble, and military problems caused the Fall of Rome. Imperial incompetence and chance could be potential factors. Even the rise of Islam is proposed as the reason for Rome’s fall.
Feudalism was the primary political system of the Middle Ages in Western Europe. The system came about, for the most part, because during his reign of England, King William had two major woes: he couldn’t keep the people from rebelling and he couldn’t take care of all the land. The king granted land to his trusted followers in exchange for the various services they provided him. The people he gave land to were called his vassals and he was their lord. Lords gave vassals fiefs in exchange for their services. This process continued on and on. In this relationship, the serfs (peasants) got to use the land to grow food for their family, shelter, and protection. The serfs would, in return, work to raise crops, and they were bound to the land. Feudalism gave structure to society, although this system wasn’t forced upon people.
The Essay on The French Revolution People France Time
The French Revolution was an unstable, blood-filled time. With 20, 000 sent to the guillotine and an equal number to prison, it is not hard to find importance but rather to find meaning. The most crucial thing to look for in the revolution is justification, reasons that excuse or bring significance to the deaths of many. John Locke, a philosophe of the time, may have argued that a leader who does ...
The Renaissance was movement that started in Italy and caused an explosion of creativity in art, thought, and writing. This movement lasted for three centuries. The Renaissance populated the study of classical education. The people of Italy wanted to revive the culture of classical Greece and Rome. There was a renewed interest in art and literature. Artists and writers expressed themselves through painting and writing. The views during the Renaissance were secular or worldly. These people wanted to try new things. Martin Luther wouldn’t support the Catholic Church if he didn’t believe in it. Everyone was starting to have religious beliefs. The Scientific Revolution led to the Reformation and the creation of new dominations like Calvinism, Presbyterianism, Anabaptism, etc.
After the Renaissance, many scholars began to question ideas about the world that had been generally accepted for years. Before 1500, people didn’t challenge scientific ideas of the early thinkers or even the church. The Scientific Revolution was a new way of thinking about the natural world. During the Middle Ages, most people believed the geocentric theory which said that the moon, the sun, and the planets all moved in a circular path around the earth. In the early 16th century, Copernicus was one of the many scholars that questioned the geocentric theory. He came up with the heliocentric theory that said that the planets revolved around the sun. This was only the beginning of the new discoveries. The Scientific Revolution caused people to question ancient ideas and create new theories. Another great pioneer in science at this time was Isaac Newton. He described the law of gravity. Galileo Galilei was also a significant figure who was forced to take back scientific ideas that disagreed with the Church’s view. Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes helped advance the use of the scientific method. Other developments during this time were the telescope and vaccinations.
The Essay on Was Napoleon Good Or Bad For France And The Rest Of Europe
Was Napoleon Good or Bad For France and the Rest of Europe? Napoleon was born on the island of Corsica in 1769; he was the son of a minor noble family. He trained to become an army officer at a French military academy. During the revolution Napoleon rose quickly through the army because many officers fled France. Napoleon did many things during his time; he was a leader, a general, a tyrant, and a ...
The new way of thinking about the world or the Scientific Revolution was based on careful observation and the willingness to question old beliefs. At this time, scholars and philosophers decided that it would be wise to rethink other aspects of life such as religion and economy. This brought about the Age of Reason or the Enlightenment.
The Enlightenment was a new intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought over power of individuals to solve problems. The philosophes of this time were the social critics of France and they believed that people could apply reason to all aspects of life. Some of the most influential people during the Enlightenment were Locke, Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Thomas Jefferson. Locke said that people should have their natural rights. Montesquieu was a thinker known for his ideas about separation of powers. Voltaire was a writer who championed freedom of speech and freedom of religion. During the Enlightenment the arts changed from baroque styles to simple and elegant styles with ideas from classical Greece and Rome.
Enlightened despots supported the philosophes’ ideas, but they had no intention of giving up any power. Some monarchs embraced new ideas and made reforms. Frederick the Great granted religious freedom, reduced censorship, improved education, and reformed the justice system. He believed serfdom was wrong, but did nothing to end it. Catherine the Great allowed religious toleration and abolished torture and capital punishment. She did nothing to improve the life of peasants.
During the 1700’s France was considered the most advanced country in Europe. The Old Regime was the social and political system in France. The people in France were split into three estates or social classes. The First Estate is made up of the clergy of the Roman Catholic Church. They have a lot of privileges even though they barely pay taxes. The First Estate owned ten percent of the land in France. This was very unfair. The Second Estate was made up of the nobles. The nobles owned twenty percent of the land and barely paid taxes like the First Estate. Disturbing questions were raised by the Enlightenment ideas of Locke, Rousseau, and Voltaire. The First and Second Estates didn’t like those questions because they threatened their social status, power, and privileges within the Old Regime. The Third Estate consists of the serfs who are bound to the land, the middle class, and the peasants.
The Essay on Napoleon French People France
Napoleon Bonaparte once said, "Nothing has been simpler than my elevation... It is owing to the peculiarities of the time." Coming to power at a time of instability and disorder in France immediately following the French Revolution, Napoleon quickly established himself as the political leader and military power behind France. Easily and efficiently overthrowing the poorly managed Directory, ...
The people of the Third Estate were essentially the backbone of the country. They paid the most taxes, but they didn’t have many privileges and no influence in the political system. The First and Second Estates always seemed to override any laws that would help the Third Estate. The Third Estate wasn’t happy about the way things were being run. They wanted to adopt new ideas about the government. The Third Estate disliked the First and Second Estates because of their special privileges. France’s economy was in decline, and the cost of living was growing. There were bad harvests because of the weather, and Louis XVI was a poor leader. He wasn’t helping France’s situation at all.
All of these factors sparked a revolution. Many events occurred over the course of several years including the Fall of Bastille, the formation of the National Assembly, war, and even the Reign of Terror. Eventually, a new leader came to power.
Napoleon Bonaparte joined the army of the new government of France. He was praised throughout the country because he defeated royalist rebels and became a hero. Years later, Napoleon wanted political power. He did a coup d’etat and took the title of first consul and also took on the powers of a dictator. Napoleon wanted to restore order in France. The people of France loved him because he was a strong leader. The French people weren’t used to this because they had Louis XVI as a previous leader. Napoleon created a new constitution that gave him all real power. He kept many of the changes that were made during the Revolution, but he made a few changes of his own.
Napoleon supported any laws that strengthened the central government of France. He wanted to solve the issues that France had while still achieving some of his own goals. He fixed the economy by establishing an effective process of tax collection and set up a national banking system. He also tried to end corruption and incompetence in government. He removed shady officials and created government-run schools. Napoleon also gave France a new set of laws known as the Napoleonic Code.
Napoleon wanted control of not just France but all of Europe. He wanted to expand his rule. He took control of the Austrian Netherlands and parts of Italy. He also set up government in Switzerland. Britain didn’t like that Napoleon was trying to conquer all of Europe so they got Russia, Austria, and Sweden to join them against France. Napoleon was a military genius built one of the largest European empires since the time of the Romans.
Napoleon established a continental blockade to prevent all trade between Britain and other European countries. This was called the Continental System. The blockade was supposed to make Europe independent. He also wanted the policy to devastate Britain’s economy. The blockade wasn’t really tight enough. People still managed to smuggle goods back and forth. The blockade did weaken British trade, and to retaliate, the British set up their own blockade. They were able to enforce their blockade because their navy was better than France’s.
Napoleon also sent an invasion force through Spain, removed their king, and replaced the Spanish king with his brother, Joseph. The Spanish people weren’t fond of his decisions at all. They felt no loyalty to their new king. This sparked the Peninsular War. Britain sent troops to aid the Spanish, and France suffered many losses that eventually weakened the state of the empire.
This also enflamed nationalism in other areas, and many nations turned against the French. Napoleon also invaded Russia. Russia practiced the scorched-earth policy and destroyed Moscow on purpose. Napoleon turned back around and most of his troops died from exhaustion, hunger, and cold. Britain, Sweden, Prussia, and Russia all joined together to take Napoleon down. Eventually, Napoleon had to surrender and give up the throne.