Introduction:
Whether it’s baking cake or walking on the moon, energy is involved in everything we do. Energy comes in many forms such as heat (thermal), light (radiant), motion (kinetic), electrical, chemical, nuclear energy and gravitational. For any action to form there is always entailed conversion or change as we prefer energy transformation. Energy transformation is the crucial process that always occurs in our everyday basis. Transformation both happens in nature and within people. An energy transformation can transfer from one type of energy to another type or from one area to another area.
Greenhouse is an impeccable example to demonstrate energy transformation; in this case radiant energy will transfer into thermal energy.
Aim:
Throughout this EEI, a simple model of greenhouse will be constructed. From this experiment, the purpose is to acknowledge the principal of energy transformation, in this case light transfer to heat energy. Variables that affect the heating process will be evaluated. Relate the information with the actual process that happens in our atmosphere.
Hypothesis:
Long waved radiation increases temperature inside a container. Time of the day is factors that affect temperature inside covered jar. It is hypothesized that the jar with covered glass will melt more than 3 times faster than the one without the cover.
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Materials needed:
• Two identical glass jars
• 4 200ml of ice cubes
• Glass
• Stop watch
• Thermometer
Method:
Thermometer is placed under direct sunlight for about few minutes in order for it to stabilize and give the most accurate readings.
Exterior temperature is recorded
Two identical glass jars is prepared.
200ml of ice cube is added in each jar
One jar is covered by a glass
Both jars is left in the sun until the ice cubes in both jar are completely melted
The melting time of each jar is carefully recorded and compared
Data was collected and processed
Greenhouse is a perfect example of illustrate the process of sunray converts into energy and heats up the covered
Concepts:
Every object is comprised of energy and matter. Matter is commonly consisted of atoms and molecules – groups of atoms that joined together. Energy interacts and sets the atoms and molecules to be constantly in motion.
Light is a major source of energy that is defined as waves and also particles. Short wavelength radiant is emitted from the Sun and easily penetrates through any type of glass. Sunlight interacts and sets atoms that form the glass in motion. Atoms either collide with each other or vibrating back and forth. The collision between molecules and atoms created thermal energy and causes the glass to heat up. Furthermore, when the short wave length passes through glass it is absorbed by earth, ground turned it into thermal also known as heat energy. Thermal and heat energy have longer wavelength than light waves and interact with molecules, thereby setting them into motion. This result in heating up the interior surfaces inside the covered glass.
Increasing interior temperature inside the covered glass impact momentously on the melting rate of ice cube. The hotter the temperature increased the faster ice cube melts. Based on theory, ice starts to melt at 33 degrees (0 Celsius degrees).
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During the melting process, the ice cubes stays at 0 Celsius degree until the ice is completely melted. Ice is a quintessential barometer to measure the escalating temperature inside the jar compared to the exterior temperature.
Result:
The experiment was performed on 12PM when the exterior temperature recorded is 30 Celsius degree
Melting Time Temperature
Covered glass 1hour and 20 min
Uncovered glass 44 minute
The experiment was performed on 3 Pm. Exterior temperature 36 Celsius degree recorded at 2PM
Time
Covered glass 52 minute
Uncovered glass 38 minute
In 30 Celsius degree the covered glass melt 80/44= 1.8 times
In 36 Celsius degree the covered glass melt 52/38 = 1.3 times
Discussion & Analysis:
Needless to say the result is against the concept and hypothesis. There were many errors occurred during the process of testing, the result is altered due to flaws in testing and made the EEI goes awry. Materials play a crucial role in deciding the precise and authentic result of any EEI. For any impeccable EEI, suitable materials are needed. In this case, the covering glass is not appropriate for this EEI due to its excessive thickness. Inappropriate thickness of the glass hinders the sunlight to pass through. In addition, radiant from the sun mostly are refracted by the glass, therefore lesser and lesser radiant penetrate through and increase the interior surface. Thus, elongated time for the glass to heat is required, however, the ice cubes melting rate are extremely rapid. This leads to insufficient time for the glass to heat up and function properly.
Another flaw in this experiment was the placement of the covering glass. As the ice cube melts, cold air is released and water transforms from solid into liquid form. Having the glass on the ice cube hinders the water and air to travel around. The glass in this case acts as a wall that prohibit the cold air from circulate. Cold air is trapped inside the glass, thus decreasing the temperature. Consequences is indisputable, the ice cubes takes more time to melt when the temperature decrease. Thus, temperature decreases inside the glass, lengthens the melting time of ice cube.
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A modification was made on the second experiment. The ice cube was left thawed in water instead of air. It is taken into account that ice cube melts quicker in water compared to air. In liquid state, molecules and atoms strongly bond and tightly packed than they do in air. Thus, allowing more contact with ice and greater rate of heat transfer. Moreover, water have warmer temperature compare to the ice cube, hence increasing the deforesting time of ice was unavoidable.
In addition, it was impossible to carry the procedure as rigorously as required and keep every environmental factors stable through the experiment. Amount of ice cube in each jar may slightly vary from other. Thorough the EEI, temperature and weather may alter. Those errors contributed minor alteration to the result of the experiment.
Recommendation:
For better result, it is recommended to follow instruction next time. Appropriate and rigorous material and procedure needed to obey. Furthermore, try to keep every variable content and stable.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the experiment doesn’t support hypothesis. There are many factor involve in changing the concept during experiment .