First Degree Burns
First-degree burns are red and very sensitive to touch, and the skin will appear blanched when light pressure is applied. First-degree burns involve minimal tissue damage and they involve the epidermis (skin surface).
These burns affect the outer-layer of skin causing pain, redness and swelling. Sunburn is a good example of a first-degree burn.
Symptoms
Redness
Swelling
Pain
Peeling skin
Shock (pale, clammy skin, weakness, bluish lips and finger nails)
White or charred skin
First Aid for Minor Burns: (First-Degree)
If the skin is not broken, run cool water over the burned area or soak it in a cool water (NOT ICE WATER) bath. Keep the area in the bath for five minutes. If the burn occurred in a cold environment, DO NOT apply water. A clean, cold, wet towel will also help reduce pain.
Burns can be extremely painful, reassure the victim and keep them calm.
After flushing or soaking the burn for several minutes, cover the burn with a sterile non-adhesive bandage or clean cloth.
Protect the burn from friction and pressure.
Over-the-counter pain medications may be used to help relieve pain; they may also help reduce inflammation and swelling.
Minor burns will usually heal without further treatment.
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... the burn is severe). ” First-degree burns: These types of burns are limited to the top layer of skin producing redness, pain and slight swelling the skin being ... and fire accidents avoided for a better tomorrow. References Water-jel Technologies. Water-jel First Aid and Safety Information. Page retrieved on ...
Second Degree Burns
Second-degree burns affect both the outer-layer (epidermis) and the under lying layer of skin (dermis) causing redness, pain, swelling and blisters. These burns often affect sweat glands, and hair follicles.
If a deep second-degree burn is not properly treated, swelling and decreased blood flow in the tissue can result in the burn becoming a third-degree burn.
Symptoms
Redness
Swelling
Pain
Peeling skin
Shock (pale, clammy skin, weakness, bluish lips and finger nails)
White or charred skin
First Aid for Severe Burns: (Second & Third-Degree)
DO NOT remove burnt clothing (unless it comes off easily), but do ensure that the victim is not in contact with burning or smoldering materials.
Make sure the victim is breathing. If breathing has stopped or the victim’s airway is blocked then open the airway and if necessary begin CPR.
If the victim is breathing, cover the burn with a cool moist sterile bandage or clean cloth. DO NOT use a blanket or towel; a sheet is best for large burns. DO NOT apply any ointments and avoid breaking blisters.
If fingers or toes have been burned, separate them with dry sterile, non-adhesive dressings.
Elevate the burned area and protect it from pressure or friction.
Take steps to prevent shock. Lay the victim flat elevate the feet about 12 inches, and cover the victim with a coat or blanket. DO NOT place the victim in the shock position if a head, neck, back, or leg injury is suspected or if0 it makes the victim uncomfortable.
Continue to monitor the victim’s vital signs (breathing, pulse, blood pressure).
