The word corrupt when used as an adjective literally means “utterly broken”. The word was first used by Aristotle and later by Cicero who added the terms bribe and abandonment of good habits. According to Morris, corruption is described as the illegitimate use of public power to benefit a private interest. Senior, however, defines corruption as an action to secretly provide a good or a service to a third party so that he or she can influence certain actions which benefit the corrupt, a third party, or both in which the corrupt agent has authority.
In systemic corruption and grand corruption, multiple methods of corruption are used concurrently with similar aims.
Bribery
Bribery is the improper use of gifts and favours in exchange for personal gain. This is also known as kickbacks or, in the Middle East, baksheesh. It is the most common form of corruption. The types of favours given are diverse and include money, gifts, company shares, entertainment, employment and political benefits. The personal gain that is given can be anything from actively giving preferential treatment to having an indiscretion or crime overlooked.
Bribery can sometimes be part of a the systemic use of corruption for other ends, for example to perpetrate further corruption. Bribery can make officials more susceptible to blackmail or extortion.
The Research paper on Corruption Case
... good government is that it is not corrupt. Political corruption increases government inefficiency and indicates overall government ... government. Various forms of corruption include extortion, graft, bribery, cronyism, nepotism, embezzlement and patronage. Corruption allows criminal activities such ... and advice of those who are corrupted or want to get self benefit in a negotiation. Conclusion Ochulor ...
Embezzlement, theft and fraud
Embezzlement and theft involve someone with access to funds or assets illegally taking control of them. Fraud involves using deception to convince the owner of funds or assets to give them up to an unauthorized party.
Examples include the misdirection of company funds into “shadow companies” (and then into the pockets of corrupt employees), the skimming of foreign aid money, scams and other corrupt activity.
Extortion and blackmail
While bribery is the use of positive inducements for corrupt aims, extortion and blackmail centre around the use of threats. This can be the threat of violence or false imprisonment as well as exposure of an individual’s secrets or prior crimes.
This includes such behaviour as an influential person threatening to go to the media if they do not receive speedy medical treatment (at the expense of other patients), threatening a public official with exposure of their secrets if they do not vote in a particular manner, or demanding money in exchange for continued secrecy.
“Corruption, is a kind of allurement, psychologically encourage the human being to do or not to do anything in order to make personal gains whether in kind, cash or otherwise.”
Corruption is a global phenomenon, found in one shape or the other whether the country is a democratic, kingship, Socialist or Communist, developing or a developed. Hardly a country is free from the clutches of the devil of corruption. The subject of corruption figures in every international summit, as almost all the countries have fallen under its grip.
A recent World Bank survey reveals that the corruption as on date, involves those responsible for making laws, responsible to execute the policies and laws of the nation that means the politicians, bureaucrats are mostly involved in corruption. The survey points out that “Corruption is the most infallible symptom of constitutional and administrative liberty.”
The 1999 report on Human Development in South Asia that covers India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal finds the corruption as the most damaging resulting of poor governance. According to the report, “Corruption undermined investment and economic growth and deepened the extent of poverty”. The report also characterized the South Asian countries engulfed with corruption, that to a great extent responsible for their slow progress. The peculiarity of corruption in these countries is summarized in the following points:
The Term Paper on Is Corruption free India Possible?
... of morality in a country, is called or defined as corruption and corrupt practices. These norms are ... soon as a big name is involved in any corruption case, there is a lot of ... of India’s independence, the plight of common man has worsened. Corrupt public servants, corrupt judges, corrupt police, etc ... footsteps of this erstwhile conglomerate of greedy money spinning politicians. Today, all the new ...
(1) Corruption begins at the top and so distorts on developmental programmes and priorities.
(2) Money earned through corruption is smuggled abroad in safe havens and not ploughed back into the domestic economy.
(3) Corruption generally leads to promotion, not punishment and the sharks, unless they belong to opposition rarely caught. If caught, manage to escape in due course of time, as judicial system takes unreasonably long time to dispose off the cases.
In India, corruption has become a way of life. In the words of Nitin Chakravarty. the columnist, “As much as 70% of all developmental budgets are estimated to be cornered by politicians, bureaucrats and contractors”,”
The corruption is so rampant in India that is regarded as a land which abounds in political opportunism, avarice, crime, and where everything is possible, but with money and bribe.
It is not only shocking but also disgusting that the legacy of honesty, dedication, austerity, public service and patriotism, the ethical and moral values which the leaders of the past like ‘Gandhi, Nehru, Subhash, Patel and others cherished so dearly, are being squandered away by the corrupt and power hungry political leaders. It becomes a matter of introspections as to why and how the politicians even as popular representatives should acquiesce, pejorative connotations, questions the T,N,Chaturvedi the former CAG of India,
It is assigned that with progress and advancement, corruption is inevitable and permissible, that it is found everywhere even in the developed countries and that one should first mind only the efficiency and performance of the system and not of its ethics, It is true that corruption has become a global phenomenon, found everywhere, but the common man is not so hardly affected by it as in India. Efficiency is important but at the cost of ethics is self-destroying.
The Dissertation on Can Corruption Be Contained in India?
... wild animal of corruption. The general awakening can make the politicians and bureaucrats to use their discretion fairly. The common men must cast their ... our ends. All this is the ugliest face of the corruption in India. Corruption and hypocrisy ought not to be inevitable products of ... Indian National Congress and many other parties without a single leader of stature. What does this show that, in the ...
Gandhiji once said, “To check corruption, we require a high code of morals, extreme vigilance on the part of those who are free from the corrupt practices.”
Even today, idealism in common men, all over the world is not totally dead. The corrupt leaders are in many cases discarded by the people in elections or whenever they got such an opportunity. Even today we find personalities like Joginder Singh, Ex, CBI Chief, Anna Hazare, T.N. Sheshan and so many who did not bow to the wishes and whims of the politicians and worked fearlessly.
The Rig Veda says that only ethically pure and intellectually capable persons should be allowed to administer the country. The Atharva Veda considers it the duty of the citizens to see that only the competent are at the helm and that those in power remain ethical and conscientious lest their inherent greed should harm the country.
Various measures can be suggested to kill the devil of corruption like transparency in public life, stringent laws to deal with the corruption cases, electoral reforms to check the misuse of money and muscle powers, reform in judiciary system, to quicken the disposal of cases of corruption etc, but the foremost duty and responsibility lies with the common mass. It has become customary to indict the politicians, bureaucrats, police and corporate businessmen for the flourishing of corruption in the society. Undoubtedly it is they who have made the corruption creped into every fibre and fabric of body politic of our nation.
But can we escape the criticism and responsibility when we ourselves are the part and parcel of the social paraphernalia that is actuated largely by materialistic considerations? How many of us, believe in the maxim of ‘Simple living and high thinking? How many of us, value ideals of honesty, dedication to work, and purify of spirit? To earn money is not a bad thing, but to earn by unfair means, immoral acts, is condemnable. Lofty ideals look good on paper, to fight the menace of corruption prevailed throughout the world, a multipronged action is required to be taken.
Corruption can be checked when the rulers themselves set an example for the common men to follow. How can we expect the lower rungs of the society to tread the path of righteousness, when the higher echelons are totally tainted? One should remember: “Lilies that fester smell for worse than weeds, says William Shakespeare. People follow the elders, the leaders and the persons in authority. If the so called leaders are fully sunk in the ocean of corruption, then who can save then the nation To fight the demon of corruption, not only the politicians but also the common men have to strive hard sincerely, honestly and with determination, Vigilant and awakened people can prove to be competent army under the leadership of an honest and dedicated leader to fight the evil and devil of corruption.
The Essay on Fight Club People Tyler Edward
Fight club is a very good movie to see. I reccomend it because i have seen in it some of the finest acting that has been in movies. Brad Pitt plays Tyler Durdan, the imagined friend of Edward Norton. Together the two develope a fight club for people who need to relieve tension. They eventually turn the fight club into an organization which gets into controlling the entire city and becoming a ...