Joseph Stalin or Iosef Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili was born December 21, 1879. He was born in Gori, a village in Transcaucasian Georgia, a province of the Russian Empire within the Caucasus mountains. Stalin was the only of four children to survive infancy. Stalin?s father was named Visarion Dzhugashvili, who was an unsuccessful cobbler. Stalin?s father drank heavily and sometimes beat his son. Stalin?s mother, Yekaterina Dzhugashvili, worked as a house servant for various upper-class Georgian families. Joseph Stalin was sickly as a child, he was scarred by smallpox, and septicemia crippled his left arm. Nevertheless, he was in excellent shape as a teenager. Stalin was enrolled at a local Orthodox prochial school in Gori in 1888 at the age of nine. When he was 14, his father died from wounds he In 1894, Stalin won a free scholarship to the Orthodox Russian theological seminary at Tiflis to be educated for priesthood. In his fourth year he joined Mesame Dasi, a secret group supporting Georgian nationalism. In 1899 Stalin was expelled from the seminary, when he was about to graduate. Stalin first tried tutoring and then clerical work at the Tiflis Observatory, but abandoned the job in May of 1901 when he was about to be arrested. He then became a paid agitator, trying to start a revolt against the czar. He edited illegal pamphlets and helped distribute them secretly. At first he called himself Koba after a legendary Georgian hero. Later he changed his name to David, Soso, Chujikov, Nijeradaze, and finally Stalin. He was then arrested for the first time on April 18, 1902 and imprisoned for eighteen months in Bantum. Afterwards in 1903 he was exiled to Siberia for three years. Stalin escaped in 1904 and reappeared in Tiflis. Joseph Stalin and Lenin met for the first time in 1905, at a Bolshevik conference in Finland. Stalin, was reportedly highly unimpressed by Lenin in their first meeting.
The Essay on An Evaluation of the Rule of Joseph Stalin
Following the death of Vladimir Lenin in 1924, new powers slowly rose to replace him. One of those people was Joseph Stalin. Stalin was a young revolutionary that fought for independence, and slowly rose through the ranks of the Communist Party, and became the general secretary of the Communist Party in 1922. After Lenin’s death, he and Leon Trotsky fought to be the next dictator of the ...
In June of 1904 Stalin had already been married to Yekaterina Svanidze, who was a simple peasant girl who was devoted to him. She died on April 10, 1907, leaving a son, named Yakov Dzhugashvili. Joseph Stalin was expelled from the Georgian Social Democratic Party in 1907 also, for taking part in a series of bank robberies and other crimes. Not long after, he migrated to Baku, and founded a Bolshevist group among the Baku socialists. In 1908 Stalin was sentenced to another two years of exile, in which he escaped from in 1909 , and was arrested March of 1910. In January of 1912, he was nominated by Lenin to the Central Committee. Stalin was rejected for service in the Russian Army in 1916, {When Russia was at war with the Central powers} because of the condition of his left arm. In March of 1917, Stalin immediately left Siberia, were he was still in exile, for modern St. Petersburg, because of the revolution led by Alexander Kerensky which freed all political pioneers. On March 25 of 1917 he joined the editorial board of Pravada, which was headed by Lev Kamenev. There he helped Lenin prepare final plans for the history-making Bolshevick revolution. Stalin?s work was largely responsible for the success of the October Revolution in 1917.
Afterwards during the civil war that followed the revolution, Stalin served as a political commissar with Bolshevik armies on several In 1918, he directed the defense of vital Tsaritsym against the White army. The city was later renamed Stalingrad in his honor in 1925, but later changed in the 1950?s and 60?s to Volograd to downsize Stalin?s importance. Next in 1921 Stalin led the invasion that won his homeland, Georgia. The next year Stalin became general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist party. As a aide to Lenin, Stalin methodically assumed increasing power. One month after Stalin had taken the position on May 25, 1922, Lenin suffered a major stroke. Before his stroke Lenin had been in a number of disputes with Stalin, saying that Stalin was too rough. After Lenin?s first stroke he suffered from several more which left him bedridden. During this time Lenin began secretly writing his ?Political Testament?, in which he outlined the future of the party. In this Lenin individually criticized the major leaders of the Bolsheviks, Lev Kamenev, Niclai Bukharin, Grigori Zinonviev, Alexis Rykov, and Stalin. Lenin did not praise any of the major leaders, because he found none well suited for the task of leading the party.
The Essay on Stalin’s Achievement of Total Power in the USSR
Why was Stalin able to achieve total power in the USSR by the end of the 1920’s? Stalin’s rise to power was due to many different factors. Firstly, on Lenin’s funeral day Stalin had given the wrong date to Trotsky which meant that Trotsky never turned up. Stalin took great advantage of the ‘Lenin Levy’ and how they worshipped Lenin. Stalin had written a short book which had summarised all of ...
Lenin did however suggest that Trosky might be the best man for the job. Lenin had only negative things to say about Stalin, suggesting that the party should find some way to get rid of him. Lenin predicted that Stalin was unwilling to exercise power selflessly enough. On December 22, 1922, Stalin from sources that Lenin had written a personal letter to Trosky. Lenin had previously been put under house arrest by Stalin, to allow him to recover in a stress free environment. In a fit of rage Stalin called Lenin?s wife Krupkaya, and screamed at her for letting Lenin write the letter. By March of 1923, Lenin had found out about the phone call, and began to seriously plan Stalin?s removal from power. Unfortunately, Lenin had another stroke that night. This one, however took away his ability to speak. His condition worsened until his death on January 21, 1924. Hearing of Lenin?s death, Stalin, was allegedly in a good mood. In 1924 there were three primary fractions that were in contention for control of the party. They consisted of the Rightists, the Troskyites, and the newly formed Triokia, consisting of Stalin, Kamenev, and Zinoviev. At the end of 1928 Stalin and his men struck out to turn Russia into a modern state.
Stalin decided the New Economic Policy, that Lenin had introduced in 1921 to help postwar economic recovery by encouraging limited private enterprise, no longer worked. With ruthless action as the basis Stalin launched an unrealistic five-year economic plan. He decided ?We are fifty to one hundred years behind advanced countries. We must cover this distance in ten years.? He ordered state-controlled collective farms. When peasants resisted, he ordered the state to seize their land and possessions. Well-to-do farmers, called Kulaks, especially resented collective farms. Top leaders such as Nikolai Bukharin, Aleksei Rykov, and Mikhail Tomsky, who urged restraint and more realistic procedures were swept out of office. In 1932-33 Stalin created a famine in Ukraine and liquidated three million Kulaks through death by starvation. Despite the death of millions from famine and goods shortages, From 1936 through 1938 Stalin brought on his Great Terror. The Great Terror consisted of many events including the purge trial and the Kaytyn Massacre. During the purge trials, Stalin once again halted Russian progress. The purge trials eliminated many military officers and engineers.
The Essay on Joseph Stalin Lenin Russian Bolsheviks
(Sorry, I didn't add my work's cited page. ) The words and actions of Joseph Stalin, Russian leader from 1922 to 1953, rippled throughout Russia and carried on to countries all over the world, including America. A ruler of terror, Stalin's ideas spread quickly, causing many to fear him. By exploring his younger years and his rise to power, one can understand his importance and degree of influence ...
The numbers are not exact but between 250,000 to 500,000 Russians died because of Stalin?s orders. Stalin not only slowed the growth of his country, but he slowed the growth of other neighboring countries. In Poland , during the Great Terror, Stalin ordered the Katyn Massacre to occur. The top 15,000 officers in the Polish army were rounded up and killed in the forests of Belarus. This was a bad hit that stunted the Polish progress, since now there would be no experienced leaders in Poland?s future. During all of this time Stalin was really just killing off all of his political opponents. Many thought Stalin had broken the Russian nation. Stalin although had managed to bring both the party and the public under his rule. In August 1939 the Soviet Union signed a nonaggression pact with Nazi Germany. The nonaggression pact permitted the Soviets to seize the eastern provinces of Poland, and then attack Finland without Germany disliking it. In return Germany was allowed to attack the other parts of Poland and promise nonaggression against Soviet territory. Despite warnings, Stalin was taken by surprise in June 1941 when the Nazi?s launched operation Barbarossa, a three-pronged attack against the USSR.
Although the Soviets were poorly prepared and suffered huge losses, they rallied behind Stalin. After their loss at the Battle of Stalingrad in January 1943, the Nazi?s started to loose and were forced to retreat in 1945. In 1943 and 1945 Stalin issued inflexible terms with his allies, Winston Churchill of Britain, and Franklin Roosevelt of the United States, at the conferences of Tehran and Yalta. After the war ended , Stalin seemed to be determined to make the Soviet Union dominant in Europe and to spread Communism all around the world. Through purges and other measures he forced Communist governments on Eastern Europe tried to gain control of France and Italy. In 1946 at Potsdam , he made a pact with president Harry Truman on the reconstruction of defeated Germany. Not long after he defiantly broke the terms. Stalin then established Communist regimes, and drew the Iron Curtain between Eastern and Western Europe. In 1947 the Soviets established the Communist Information Bureau,which was a body of leaders who ensured conformity with the Soviet line. Yugoslavia was expelled from alliance, after Stalin condemned the Yugoslav leader Josip Broz Tito for refusing to follow Soviet orders.
The Essay on Joseph Stalin Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin's official reign of terror ended with his death in 1953, but the effects of his autocratic rule continued for many years to follow. His lasting hold on the people of the former Soviet Union still lingers in a few brainwashed minds. In the article 'Stalin's Afterlife' and the movie 'Russia's War - Blood Upon the Snow', Stalin is portrayed as the monster really was and should be ...
That same year Moscow started a blockade of Berlin, which fueled what was known as the Cold war in the West. Stalin was determined to catch up to the United States in developing the atomic bomb. He ordered that no resources be spared toward that goal. Some years later Stalin gave permission for the Communist controlled North Vietnam to attack By 1950 Stalin?s mental and physical health began to go down, as he was absent from the Kremlin, {The government headquarters in Moscow} for periods of time. In January of 1953 Stalin ordered the arrest of a group of Kremlin doctors on charges of plotting murder on high-level Soviet officials. Just as a renewal of mass terror seemed needed, Stalin died of complications of a stroke at the age 73 in March of 1953. Nikita Khrush replaced Stalin as secretary and denounced Stalin?s methods of rule and political theories, known as Stalinism. Stalin?s legacy is actually negative. Although his policies transformed the USSR from an agarian based society into a good nation with a powerful military arsenal. The only bad thing is that the transformation was accomplished at the cost of millions of lives. His purges of society through violent police terror left a permanent scar in the memory of people under his rule, but his superior leadership during World War two made him Time Magazine?s Man of the Year in 1942. Joseph Stalin you could say was the last leader in Russia to have the ability to effectively spread Communism. After Khrushchev was denounced Gorbachev rehabilitated Stalin?s victims and officially condemned Stalinism. He was admired by some Russians, but most would agree that Stalin was one of the cruelest dictators in history.+
The Term Paper on Stalin Year Plan
... Although he was exiled, and out of Russia for four years, Stalin never lost interest in politics. As time went by, ... second part of the five year plan was the collective cultivation of farm land. Originally, Stalin only called for the collectivization ... the expropriations, but repeatedly escaped. As time went by, Stalin became increasingly unscrupulous and vindictive. Eventually, his involvement in ...