Yehuda Bacon and Josef Bau are two artists who survived the same horrific time in history. Although they have different backgrounds and different artistic styles, their artwork has been used to tell the same stories to the world. Both men survived the Holocaust and spent time in concentration camps, and both men lost family and friends at the hands of the Nazis. Through their artwork they both tell their individual stories and illustrate the atrocities that affected the entire world, and provide a personal view of what the individual experienced and took away from the experience.
Yehuda Bacon was born on August 28, 1929 in Moravská Ostrava, Czechoslovakia. At only 13 years of age he and his family were sent to the Theresienstadt concentration camp. While imprisoned in the camp, he stayed in a home for 10 to 15 year old Czech boys where he began to draw. He helped produce an underground magazine for teenagers titled “Vedem” and studied art with Leo Haas, Otto Ungar, and Karel Fleischmann, who were all Jewish artists that were also incarcerated there. On the seventeenth day of December in 1943, Yehuda and his family were deported from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz-Birkenau. He was allowed, briefly, to stay with his family and continue schooling, but the following July all of the Theresienstadt family camps were dissolved and Yehuda’s father was exterminated in a gas chamber. Yehuda was moved several times from concentration camp to concentration camp where he witnessed countless deaths and endured great physical and emotional torture at the hands of his captors.
Japanese American Internment Camps Children Families
What was the Japanese American internment? o In 1941, Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, a U. S. military base. "Many Americans already disliked the Japanese as a result of racism when the Japanese were being used for cheap labor." 1 o As a result "120, 000 Japanese men, women, and children were sent to detention camps." 1 They were forced away from their homes, schools, and businesses under the pretense ...
It was the tragic loss of his father that inspired one of his most well-known pieces of art. A depiction of his father’s image rising from the smoke of one of the Auschwitz crematoriums was drawn the day of his father’s death. By illustrating this event and committing it to paper, he was able to memorialize his father’s horrific murder and assure that the day would not be forgotten. Just over a year later he produced a set of drawings that depicted the gas chambers and other parts of the Auschwitz death camp that were entered in to evidence in the 1961 Eichmann trial as prosecution exhibits. After the war, Yehuda immigrated to Israel and studied art at the Bezalel Academy of Art. He then continued his studies in Europe, the United Kingdom, New York and Paris. He has since lectured in the art department of Haifa University, as well as at the school where he himself studied; the Bezalel Academy of Art, in Jerusalem. Yehuda’s artwork has helped to honor the victims of the Holocaust and demonstrate the personal toll that a death took on one young man. His work has been featured in many exhibits around the world.
Joseph Bau was born in June of 1920 in Krakow, Poland. He was studying at the University for Plastic Arts in Krakow when he was ordered to the Krakow ghetto. He was later imprisoned in the Plaszow, Gross-Rosen, and Brunnlitz concentration camps. Most of his family members died as a result of their internment. In a true example of finding happiness in the most horrible situations, he met his future wife while he was being detained at a concentration camp. He and his wife Rivka were married in secret after he smuggled himself into the women’s camp – an act that was immortalized in film when it was included in Stephen Spielberg’s film “Schindler’s List”. While imprisoned, Joseph’s life was literally and metaphorically saved by his art. He was considered by the Nazis to be too valuable for extermination due to his skills as a draftsman. He made maps, drew plans, and created signs in gothic script as a captive worker. Using those same skills, he also helped save 400 people by forging documents and identity papers. At the same time, he also had an outlet for his creative art by writing and illustrating a small book of poetry. None of the atrocities he was witness to were depicted in this book.
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After the war, Joseph re-enrolled in, and was finally able to graduate from The University for Plastic Arts in Krakow. He worked as graphic artist in a government office and was employed by the publishing house Komisja Historyczna to support his family. He became a cartoonist for four newspapers, opened his own studio in Tel Aviv, taught artistic script at an art school, and drew the titles for almost all the Israeli movies of the 60’s and 70’s. Bau also authored and illustrated many Hebrew books, the most notable of which is “Dear God, Have You Ever Gone Hungry?” This book has been translated in to several languages and details his experiences during the Holocaust and stands out due to its humorous style. His books and artwork stand as reminders of what he endured, but they also show the triumphs of a man and artist whose creativity and spirit was not crushed under Nazi boots. His studio has been turned in to a museum memorializing his accomplishments and his legacy has since continued through his daughters, who as second-generation Holocaust survivors, also memorialize the events in their artwork.
Through their depictions of the events they lived through, both Yehuda Bacon and Joseph Bau show the world how they as individuals viewed the Holocaust. One man’s work speaks of the immeasurable loss and suffering endured by losing his loved ones in a death camp and also stands as a somber reminder of the toll that the genocide took on families. The other chose to take his similar experiences and make them approachable through lighthearted renderings demonstrated in both writing and illustrations. Each artist provides important pieces that future artists, historians, and the general public can learn from and use reflect upon to prevent potential atrocities such as the Holocaust.
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Works Cited:
” The Last Expression: Art and Auschwitz.” . Date Unknown. Northwestern University. .
“The Art Museum: Yehuda Bacon.” http://www1.yadvashem.org. Date Unknown. Yad Vashem: The Holocaust Martyrs’ and Heroes’ Remembrance Authority.
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