ETHICS AND VALUES IN PHARMACY: PROFESSION, INDUSTRY AND EDUCATION
AUTHOR: MANORANJAN THUNUGUNTLA iv B-PHARMACY
DON BOSCO COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, GUNTUR
E-mail: [email protected]
Mobile No. : +9192 9730 7567
Preparing for Hospital an Agent to Reduce, Minimize and Any Curing to Yield lost health of the person (patient).
Pharmacy plays a major role in the health services. Health care system rotates between triple ‘P’ (P-P-P).
Where the First ‘P’ stands for Physician (Doctor), the Second ‘P’ stands for Pharmacist and the Third ‘P’ stands for Patient (i.e., Person suffering from a disease or disorder).
Pharmacist is the link between the Physician and the patient, because Physician just prescribes the medicine to the patient according to his disease or disorder to treat it. But patient have no knowledge about how to dispense (take) medicine. Here the pharmacist plays his role by minimizing the communication gap between the Physician and the patient. Pharmacist only maintains the pharmacy which consists of medicines for patients. Pharmacist staying in pharmacy should have the minimum eligibility of Diploma in Pharmacy study of about 2 years of written exams and minimum of 500 hours of apprentice of dispensing of medicines to patients in the health care centre. It should posses maximum departments of health professionals (doctors) to get knowledge of drug usage. Also he should have a recognized registered pharmacy certificate from the State Pharmacy Council. Before working in the outside pharmacy he should take permission from the drug controller of that district.
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In some years ago there is no availability of pre-manufactured of medicine i.e. capsules, tablets, syrups, ointments, etc. type of formulations. These formulations should be prepared by the pharmacist according to the prescription written by the Physician to the Patient.
In those days the pharmacist has the knowledge about weighing, mixing, formulating, etc. steps to achieve required dosage form taken by the patient. So that, it will prevent the errors in taking the medicine by the Patients
Then, the Pharmacist has the keen knowledge about the each and every step involved in dosage regimen. He also has knowledge in incompatibility, addiction, antagonist, drug-drug interaction and various properties. In those days there is purchase of the pre-manufactured dosage forms in few in number. Then there is a separate room which consists of instruments like pestle, mortar, sieves, homogenizer, funnel, stirrer, beaker, distillation tank, filter papers, single punching machine, etc. for the preparation of formulations. This is known as working area / bench which must be clean and should be prevented from accumulation of dust. Then there are various problems for the preparation of I.V. which are prepared from distillation tanks.
Now-a-days there is less work load on the pharmacist while dispensing medicines by availability of pre-manufactured doses. There is involvement of the research works by the pharmacy graduates, higher professional involved in the health care system for treatment of disease or disorder. They are trying to get removal of the non-curable diseases from the society. They have succeeded on this way by maximum eradication of deadly disorder or diseases like Polio, Hepatitis, Small Pox, etc. from the society.
They are also providing the vaccines to them by free of cost with the co-operation by our government.
PROFESSION
According to his profession pharmacist should have attitude of service and sacrifice in interest of suffering. Pharmacist should have humanity towards patient. He should be ready to involve in discussions with colleagues and physician with information and advices. He along with health professionals is responsible for safeguarding the health of the public.
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Pharmacy should provide more efficient and reasonably comprehensive pharmaceutical services by pharmacist. There should be planning in such away that there is no accidental contamination in preparation, dispensing and supply of medicine.
Premises will reflect the professional character of the pharmacist. After receiving the prescription, pharmacist should not act with any facial expression so that patient looses the trust on physician. No omission, addition or substitution of ingredients in prescription should not make without consent of physician.
Prices of medicine should be fair and it should include formulation and packing charges. In competition pharmacy should not provide offers to the patient to increase the sales.
Pharmacy should not recommend any particular physician without asking of patient. Pharmacy should not involve in the commission activities with the physician. Pharmacy should gather the modern developments in medicine and allied fields. It should be in such a way that it can advice the physician about the pharmaceutical matters.
Pharmacy should cooperate to his fellow pharmacy and hospital members in emergency legitimate needs. Pharmacist must try to weed out the undesirable corrupt or dishonest conduct of the member of his profession maintaining its status in society.
Pharmacy should not perform such acts which will bring discredit with it. Self servicing method should not allow as it would encourage self medication and dangerous activities. Hawking of drugs and medicines should not be praised and any attempt should not be made to collect order from door to door.
Drugs should always be purchased from reputable sources. Pharmacy should not imitate trademarks, labels, symbols of any other properties. Pharmacy should always use drugs and medicinal preparation of standard quality. Medicines causing addiction or abuse causing should be provided to patients on reason to that it required for such purpose.
Pharmacy should provide free of cost medicine to the poor and old aged people. They should clear the doubts of the patient with patience. They should assure them they get recovered as early as possible. Pharmacy should prohibit the open counter sales of medicine directly to the patient without the consent of the physician.
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INDUSTRY
pharmacy industry should be well furniture and well established with latest equipment and modern technology. It should be secured by the present security techniques by proving CC Cameras, Alarm, Fire extanger, etc. facilities to prevent the loss to the management and the workers.
It consists of various departments for the production of the medicines. The building of the pharmacy industry must be constructed in pre planned manner
• Entrance of the working area should be provided with HEPA filters.
• There should be a particular dress to the person working in that area.
• The working blocks should be clean and sanitized regularly by prevent the accumulation of scrap in campus.
• Government specified standard plan should be followed.
• Walls should be painted with ceramic plastic cement and no holes.
• The working area should be free from edges, corners, pores which cause accumulation of dust.
• There should be well sealed walls, air locking doors in side the working area.
• Each room should be provided with the camera to check the working process in the industry
• The persons entering industry should hold an I.D. to get details about the staff to the management (except board of directors)
• There should be a particular dress code to ever department staff for easy identification.
In the industry it consists of minimum of following areas
1. Management
2. Hospitality
3. Dressing area
4. Freshen air area ( HEPA filters)
5. Raw material Area
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6. Processing Area
7. Finishing area
8. Packing area
9. Labeling area
10. Store room
11. QA and QC area (Quantitative Analysis and Quality Control)
12. And many other places
These are the places involved in for manufacturing of the medicines from the Requisition stage to the ready for transportation.
There is the location of R & D for the research of new variety of drugs for the treatment of deadly diseases. Here there is also development to existing drugs to increase their activity. Thus it is known as Research and Development Department. This is not present in each and every pharmacy industries due to lack of capital and the efficient staff.
The minimum qualification of the staff is prescribed according to their work.
Production manager Ph. D in Pharmacy
Assistant manager M. Pharmacy
Production department B. Pharmacy
Packing department D. Pharmacy
But now-a-days the industrial management is not following the restriction in recruitment procedure. They are substituting the qualified persons with low standard science persons.
Industrial management should recruit in efficient manner to prevent the fake and un-qualified person to do work which cause loss.
EDUCATION
The pharmacy education has developed now-a-days most fast. Maximum science students prefer to this pharmacy field.
From few years there is tremendous increase in the establishment of Pharmacy College in our state. Both M.P.C and Bi.P.C group of students of intermediate are eligible for studying pharmacy. In our state only there is required number of the qualified persons to run the institution will fledged manner.
The professional lectures are having well knowledge to make the student to show the bright future of the pharmacy.
Online education plays an important role in the distribution and gathering the information of drug bulletin throughout the world. It is helpful to all the people who are away from the minimum facilities to get the knowledge on the pharmacy.
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It should give detail effect of drug on the body which is prescribed by the physician. It should have lot of information to the people who are going to get interest in this pharmacy field. It also gives the complete drug profile of the Drug.
Almost about 90% of populations in India are not having proper knowledge on the pharmacy & its importance in the life of man’s livelihood.
Most of people have the knowledge in other professional courses and online courses when compared to pharmacy.
Pharmacy has a key role in the man’s normal activity to take treatment on the particular disease. Many people have some superstitious belief that some are more dangerous and may cause harm due to allopath.
Almost in some institutions there is no proper knowledge and awareness in the students about pharmacy and its value. To get them good information and show the valuable future and it’s aided application for the future use.
May be in India, this pharmacy has to develop more extent. The role of pharmacy in the drug medication in India is negligible when compared to developed countries due to many reasons.
Before many years there is no proper regulation in pharmacy in India where the people who had the knowledge from the ancestors and have the knowledge from seeking the books written by great persons i.e., ayurveda.
To bring the regular and proper restriction and awareness of dispensing drugs, formulation of drugs, in normal using words Pharmacy council of India was started to get the brief knowledge on the complete drug profile by printing Indian pharmacopoeia.
In future prospects
Online education should
• Come in force to hands of normal people to remove fear in pharmacy
• Be provided to the people in such away it should give the importance of life and to reduce the life risk activities
• Be available in such away it should be helpful to other but not cause harm to people
• Reduce the doubts of people on the disease and aware of disease by taking preventive measures.
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• Also give current information of disease to physicians to advice people.
• be in such away that the beginners should able to understand easily
• Have detailed information that it should have good and more knowledge to the people who have eager to get it.
• Give the current information provided in the journals and books of pharmacy where there is importance to people who are away from them.
• Have the current research in clinical trail of drugs and give the information about new discovery.
• Give the scope of the pharmacy in the world in easy picture.
• Give the application and role in man’s livelihood
• Give awareness to the students about the various fields after pharmacy.
• Also give the information of applications in drug design, clinical trials, effects of drugs with computer in throughout world.