Presently a lot of company is now trying to adapt to technology advancement in terms of managing almost every of their system. Even though this adaptation could cost a lot and would make them give up most of their resources, they are still persistent and committed to this change and in the whole process of implementing these new systems. Most of them are positive that these changes would give them a lot of benefits. When we say technological advancement in systems it can be considered as adapting computer-based system replacing their existing pen and paper work. Even if we use computers, we can’t deny the fact that this system could still commit some of errors, because in every system there is still human intervention. But if these systems can be applied step by step, planned very carefully, these human errors and other errors could be avoided, resulting into the adaption of the right system that is efficient and effective for the company.
Background of the Study
Information flow in a hospital is not that complex as compared to others. Even though the form is simple, it is still important because data keeps a company going and be able to perform its operation. If we are going to analyze the information system of a hospital, some of them are still using pen and papers for keeping their records. This kind of system still enables them perform their routines, but if this kind of system will continue, surely this paper based records can occupy a big space, and it will take a lot of time for searching a single information in a pile of papers, envelopes, drawers, cabinets, etc.
The Essay on Information Systems and Information Technology
A combination of hardware, software, infrastructure and trained personnel organized to facilitate planning, control, coordination, and decision making in an organisation Contrast IS and IT: What is the difference between Information Systems and Information Technology? In: Computer Terminology, Technology, Information Technology[Edit categories] Answer: Information Systems is a large umbrella ...
Even though most of the companies in the past, used pen and paper in managing and keeping their records, we cannot deny the fact that some of them still managed to be successful in their respective fields. Even in the hospitals’ scenario, though if they are using papers to record information of their patients, they were still able to provide the needs of their patients. But as time goes by, they observed that this kind of system produces a lot of records to keep. A lot of records mean the need of more space to keep it. But even if we find a solution in keeping those files, availability of the data can be hard to find. It would take time searching a single file in a bulk of records. This process shall induce slow productivity in a lot of aspects specifically in relation when transacting with the patient.
DIHMESCO Hospital is a medical institution servicing the needs of people, needing medical attention in different field of medicine. They offer services such as Emergency, Medical Consultations, Confinement and Lying – in, Botica (Generic Drugs), Complete Laboratory, Blood Chemistry, X-ray with Complete Special Procedures, Electrocardiogram (ECG – 12 Lead) and Ultrasound with Trans-vaginal Procedure. In hospitals, manual way of managing system is not a problem. The problem that occurred in our company of study is the increasing number of information that needs to be kept and recorded. DIHMESCO has limited space for the storage of patient records. They designated one room only for the storage of these records. If the records will continuously increase, this storage room will be soon occupied and there will be no space for the new record. Also, having a lot of records would cause time in searching or updating a single file of the patient, this will cause disturbance in the normal operation of the hospital and annoyance to other patients.
The problem that occurred in our company of study is the increasing number of information that needs to be kept and recorded. DIHMESCO has limited space for the storage of patient records. They designated one room only for the storage of these records. If the records will continuously increase, this storage room will be soon occupied and there will be no space for the new record. Also, having a lot of records would cause time in searching or updating a single file of the patient, this will cause disturbance in the normal operation of the hospital and annoyance to other patients.
The Business plan on Hospital Information System
... the need of the hour is an Information System for the hospital which will maintain these patient records which will enable the doctors to access ... of treatment for a particular patient. When the patient visits the hospital for the first time, details of the patient are recorded and a unique ID ...
The administrator’s secretary explained to us that their patient’s records are kept in an envelope and placed in a room. This record contains patient’s personal information and medical history. The researchers have observed that when a staff needs a record, he is going to look for it in the cabinet containing the other records that takes time and extra effort. The pile of records was visible to everyone.
Every time there is a new patient comes in to the hospital for medical attention, the hospital staff is going to ask whether the patient has record already, if he has no record, the staff prepares a new record for that certain patient. The cause of the problem was the increasing number of records to keep. As an effect, the staff had hard time searching for a certain record. Also this made them provide more space for the records, where they can keep all of it. Manual arrangement of it would require some efforts and also it will need or took time to organize.
A good way for the hospital to cope up with those problems is to apply technology properly. The proponents proposed a computerized management information system for DIHMESCO. Computerization of some of its processes would help a lot. Searching for a file will just take few types and clicks. Files or records that before were kept in envelopes, will now be encoded into the database. This database could hold a lot of information and for security purposes, this computerized systems could also provide a back-up functionality, for them to be able to ensure that even the system goes down, they have a backup of those records and they could still continue their task and routines without interrupting the hospitals normal operation.
Objectives of the Study
General Objective:
The general objective of the study is to develop an information system for our company of study that will be use by patients and doctors of the hospital.
The Essay on Information management in healthcare systems
There is no doubt that it is very important to manage health information especially in realization that patient information is usually scattered in different locations in the health care system. There is need to centralize health information in order to ease dissemination of health care records thus improving quality of care. On the same note, information management in healthcare systems is a ...
Specific Objectives:
1. To design a system that can provide information repository of the patients and doctors in the organization using information system which is capable of adding, editing, deleting, and searching records, and it trail for patients information database and can generate accurate result with optimize ease and user friendliness. 2. To create the system, as designed.
2. To create the system, as designed.
3. To evaluate the performance of the Management Information System guided by ISO/IEC 9126 in terms of a. Reliability – A set of attributes that bear on the capability of software to maintain its level of performance under stated conditions for a stated period of time. b. User friendliness – System’s ability to be easily use by the user using uncomplicated words and commands c. Accuracy – System’s ability to guarantee the producing of exact information and reports. d. Security. – System’s ability to protect the entire program from unauthorized access.
Theoretical Framework
Theoretical framework is a collection of interrelated concepts that guides a research to determine things to be measured and what statistical
relationships to look for.
Figure 1.1 Theoretical Framework
Federal Government, Information Management Framework
Information management is the collection and management of information from one or more sources and the distribution of that information to one or more audiences. This sometimes involves those who have a stake in, or a right to that information. Management means the organization of and control over the structure, processing and delivery of information. Information management entails organizing, retrieving, acquiring and maintaining information. This model shows the five knowledge areas or features of Information Management. These knowledge areas include Sharing, Quality, Efficiency, Compliance and Security.
Sharing is important in management information. In distributing or providing access to digitally stored information, such as documents and records of a person. It may be implemented through a variety of ways. Storage, transmission, and distribution models are common methods of file sharing incorporate manual sharing. One of this is using computer networks, peer-to-peer networking. In management ion information System, sharing of access between users is very important. Sharing gives way into communication and links of information that can help in decision making. Quality of the system for management information is very important. It must be user friendly in which the user can easily understand the commands and how to use the system.
The Business plan on Information Systems And Management: Decision Making In Business Organizations
Introduction:Barletta’s Fine Foods (BFF) Ltd operates from King’s Norton in south Birmingham and supply food products to various retail outlets and restaurants. The company has performed well in the past and has ambitious growth plans for the near future, however there are problems in various functional departments of the company that have hindered its growth. Top management is ...
The system must also give consistent and accurate information. Efficiency is essential in Management Information System. It should achieve the goal of the company in less expense than the previous system. In addition, management information should be requirement based, non-duplicative, timely and financially sound. Compliance in terms of fulfilling all the need requirements in analyzing the output of the system is important in information management. It should give privacy for the users and transactions. It should also need to comply the needs of the company and their wants. Privacy for the records management should apply especially in the files of specific person. Security is significant in information management it is a degree of protection against damage and loss of files. Protection of the entire program from unauthorized access.
Conceptual Paradigm of the Study
On the basis of the foregoing concepts, theories, and findings of related literature, studies presented and insights taken from them, a conceptual paradigm is developed as shown below: Output
Management Information System for DIHMESCO General Hospital
Process
System Analysis
a. Requirement Analysis
b. Requirement Definition
System Design
a. Context Diagram
b. Data Flow Diagram
c. ERD
d. HIPO
e. VTOC
f. Flowchart
System Development
a. Bill Of Material
b. SDLC
c. Program Coding
d. Schedule and Activities
Input
Knowledge requirements
a. Billing System
b. Patient Information System
c. Inventory and Sales System
Software Requirements
a. Microsoft SQL Server 2008
b. Visual studio 2008
c. Windows XP Operating System
Hardware Requirements
a. Computer
b. RJ 45
c. Router
d. UTP Cable
The Term Paper on Out-Patient Department Record Management System
... the Problem This study intends to design and develop a Record Management System for the Out-Patient Department of Tarlac Provincial Hospital, for the benefit ... of the Proposed System In the existing system, the inputs are patient information which includes Patient Number, Case Number, Personal Information, PhilHealth Information and Admitting Information. And these ...
Figure 1.1 Conceptual Paradigm of Development and Evaluation of Management Information System for DIHMESCO General Hospital
I. INPUT
Knowledge Requirement
The researchers must conduct deep study on the stated knowledge requirements during the development of the system, for them to be able to have good inputs in the features of the system. They must understand the difference between Manual and Computerized Management Information System. Also, they must not ignore the subsystems, including Patient Record System, they must understand the flow and process regarding it, the same with the Inventory System of the company. The knowledge requirements in our study are very important in the system. It is where the scopes were delivered. These are the systems included in a computerized management information system. Those knowledge requirements are supported by related literature and studies.
Software Requirements
In this requirement, the system was developed and evaluated in a Windows XP OS Environment, to ensure compatibility, the said system was developed using Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 (C#.Net), making it the front end using Microsoft SQL Server 2008 as the backend. This application development tools were used because it has no compatibility issues therefore making it more reliable. Hardware Requirements
The hardware requirements include the computers, switch, RJ 45 and UTP cables. Those hardware requirements are the one who will support the software to complete the system. Hardware requirements will help in building the backbone and other physical parts of the system.
II. PROCESS
1. System Analysis
Process is the analysis of inputs. These inputs are going to be processed and prepared for the output. It consists of system analysis, system design, and system development. The system analysis composes of requirement analysis and definition. Those will be analyzed by manipulating the data it can produce. 2. System Design
System design, this is the area where we are going to apply what we learned from System Analysis and Design to produce the desired output. The software engineering includes the context diagram and data flow diagram. We used it in the breakdown of the processes and the functions of the system, from the highest to lowest level. 3. System Development
The Research paper on Community General Hospital Case Study
The primary subject matter is strategy under adverse conditions for a small community hospital. The case examines operational, financial and market factors for strategy development. Issues of governance and stakeholder claims for a non-profit, community organization are also examined. As a student case analysis assignment the case is appropriate for an undergraduate capstone course in business ...
System Development helps to enhance the capability of the system. The schedule of each activity, its flow chart, coding and bill of materials were also analyzed and processed, to see the flows of the system, its time frame and to calculate the cost of development of the system. The system testing is required to test the capability of the system if it will work and if it will be applicable to the host company. Actual testing of the developed system will be conducted to the company to ensure the consistency of the proposed system.
III. OUTPUT
The output of the study is Computerized Management Information System for DIHMESCO.
Scope and Delimitations of the Study
Scope
This study focuses on development and evaluation of computerized management information system for DIHMESCO General Hospital, the scope of the system proposed is the following: First is the monitoring of number of patients coming and discharged in the hospital. Where in it can generate reports regarding the number of patient being checked-up, confined including the discharged patients. It can also update the existing record of the patient
if there is. Second is log-in and log out of visitors for the specific patient. Third is the availability and schedule of doctors with their designated field or specialization. It will easily define who the available doctor is on that day and when he will be available.
Fourth, the system can generate a report for patient and doctor to notify them for the patient’s next scheduled check – up. Fifth is the record of personal information of hospital staffs and employee. These include doctors, nurses and other personnel in the hospital. Sixth is the managing of the medical records of patients using the proposed system, for the hospital to easily retrieve the record of patients. This will also include the medical history of patients, if he was confined before and how many times he was confined. If the patients don’t have a record in DIHMESCO the system will make a new record for him. Seventh is the Accounting System where in Accounts Receivables coming from Billing and Sales System are the only included.
Last is the inventory of medicines in the pharmacy and records with status of medical equipment of the hospital. The proposed system will use Client – Server network connection. Visual Studio 2008 will be used as the front end of the system and Microsoft SQL 2008 as back end of the program. It can hold a number of data that responds to the needs of the hospital. The system can also generate a back-up of the database. These are the boundaries of our study. 7
5
Delimitations
The study does not cover the following departments and topics. First are the accounts payable, the researchers included only a part of it which is the billing system and accounts receivable, because the concern only is the incoming revenue of the hospital from the patient bills and also from their pharmacy. Second is the payroll system, because it will involve funds that the company will release and this will focus on the hospital’s staff and employee. The researchers are trying to avoid the systems related to the management of funds in the company, since that is not the main concern of the system. Third is the log-in and log-out of hospital staffs and employee except for doctors, their shifting schedule and their shifting time, because that information are not necessary in achieving the objectives of the system. Last is the availability of ambulance, though they operate some, it will not fall in our system. Those department and topics are not with in the scope and not included in our study. 8
8 Significance of the Study
It is important to conduct this study, because it will expose the researchers to the actual field. Being exposed to the actual field of the study will make us analyze and understand different systems. Also this will enable us, to develop a system that will cater their needs and will nullify their problems.
This study will also test and prove or maybe disapproved the feasibility of development of computerized management information system for DIHMESCO General Hospital, which uses manual way of handling and managing their information system.
The beneficiaries of this study are the following:
The DIHMESCO General Hospital will be benefited from this study. Compared to their previous system of manually managing information, they would be able to make the flow of their system better than before. The fund that were allotted for buying papers, envelope will now be eliminated, this funds will now be added to the profits or will just be allotted to another project or department.
The user will be the process owner of each system. The process owners includes the Pharmacist, Receptionists, Secretary, Billing Personnel, and the Hospital Administrator, they will also be benefited from this study because this will make their task easier. This will also make their work more effective and efficient. For example, the administrator wants to check the status of their pharmacy, before this process would take days for the pharmacy to develop reports, but now the administrator just need to log-in in the system and check process involving their pharmacy.
The Patients are also included in the beneficiaries. With this system, their records will be more secured, because the records will now be stored in a database that also has a backup. The patient will also have faster transaction with the hospital personnel, because the personnel could easily provide a copy of their hospital record if ever they need it for personal purposes.
The proponents will also benefit from the study. To be exposing in actual industry in the field of was a great experience for the researchers. Help them understand the system of managing records and prepare it for future use.
The future researchers will benefits on the study, especially those doing their thesis with the same topic or same genre of Host Company. It wil leads for the better understanding of the routine in the hospitals and how they manage and prepare records. It will serve as a guide for their studies.
Definition of Terms
Administrator: The one who is in charge in the operations of the hospital, in this study, he is the one going to monitor the performance of each system. CMIS: Computer Management Information System. Information system managed using computers. Computer Based: Systems which are using computers or computer dependent systems. Computerized: Refers to the system that is done manually before and then converted to computer based operations. CPRS/CBPRS: CPRS (Computer Patient Record System)/ CBPRS (Computer Based patient record system ) Records of patients that is computer based. Database: Database is a collection of data for one or more multiple uses, in our research it refers to the storage of electronic information.
DIHMESCO: The host company of the researchers.
Electronic Storage: May also refer to database (MS SQL 2000 for example) or a storage for a digitized information. Electronic Systems: Systems using computer as their medium for storing and transferring information. EPR: (electronic Patient Record) Same with CPRS/CBPRS, this is also a record system of patients that is computer based. Hardware: The mechanical, magnetic, electronic, and electrical components making up a computer system. HIS: (Hospital Information System) Variously also called clinical information system (CIS) is a comprehensive, integrated information system designed to manage the administrative, financial and clinical aspects of a hospital.
Information System: An organized collection, storage, and presentation system of data and other knowledge for decision making, progress reporting, and for planning and evaluation of programs, this may also refer to the flow of information. Inventory System: A process of monitoring the incoming and outgoing stocks or raw materials, it can also be software for keeping track of items or raw materials of the company. LAN: Local Area Network. A computer network covering a small physical area, like a home, office, or small groups of buildings, such as a school, or an airport. Medical Records:
Other term for “patient records”, this may include personal information and medical history of the patient. Medical Supplies: This refers to the supplies used in medical operations, such as surgery or check up. Microsoft SQL Server 2000: An application developed by Microsoft that serves as a database for applications. Management Information System: All Activities that include acquiring and managing information and use it in decision making. Manual Operations: This may refer to the existing systems in the company of study. Paper Based Records: Records that are written in papers.
Pen and Paper System: A system that usually used pen and papers in recording information. RJ 45: Router Jack. A standard networking peripheral used to connect two or more computers through its LAN card. Server: Computer or a program which provides services to other programs or users, either in the same computer or over a computer network. Software: Written programs or procedures or rules and associated documentation pertaining to the operation of a computer system and that are stored in read/write memory. UTP: Universal Twisted Pair. The type of cable that we are going to use in creating local area connection. Visual Studio 2005: An application package by Microsoft, which has components including .Net framework, the application which we are going to use in development of this system. CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter presents the review of related literature and studies underlying the framework of the study. It includes the conceptual model of the study
and the operational definition terms.
Review of Related Literature and Studies
Introduction
A hospital record plays a vital role in its information systems. Even in other companies, they can’t continue their operations whenever they have troubles in their sources of information. Most of the hospital in our country still performs their operations manually. This kind of system makes them exert more effort and allot more capital in management their records. But because of technology innovations, this problem paved way for the development of Computerized Management Information System for Hospitals. Foreign Studies
A. Hospital Information Systems
Hospital Information System (HIS) is vital to decision making and plays a crucial role in the success of the organization. Computerization of the medical records and documentation has resulted in efficient data management and information dissemination for the users. Managers, Clinicians and other healthcare workers can now access the information without delay or errors. Present study reveals, the existing system requires up gradation to meet the requirements of the managers and the clinicians (Praveen & Gomes, 2005).
B. Principles of Information System
It has been estimated that doctors, nurses and other health-care providers spend more than 50% of their time on tasks that are not related to providing health care primarily record keeping and paperwork. Computerized transaction system will be used to an increasing extent to reduce the amount of time health care professionals spend on those non-health related activities. Automating the hospital procedures eliminates all paperwork, patient data and information is kept continually up to date and nurses can get back to their job nursing (Stair, 1996).
C. Hospital Information System and Computer-based and Patient Record Architecture The information system architecture for a hospital information system, and ultimately a computer-based patient record system, should be carefully planned. A phased approach to implementation ensures the best solution. Consideration should be given to whether computer systems which support manual processes should be implemented, or whether manual systems without such support should be maintained until full automation occurs (Shah & Amatyakul, 1998).
D. Hospital Information Systems and Quality Assurance
Hospital information systems may contribute in different ways to quality assurance activities such as assessing the quality of primary care, monitoring quality indicators, supporting clinical care evaluation studies, and auditing concurrently the ongoing process of care using reminders or decision support techniques. Examples of effective contributions are given. However, to meet all requests of quality assurance in real-world settings many efforts developing new technologies will still be necessary (Selbmann & Pietsch-Breitfeld, 1990).
Most of the present Medical Records Departments have been changed into departments of hospital information management in order to take up responsibilities to function more effectively and efficiently in this regard. This new drift will support the need for an improved Hospital Information System making the Medical Records Department the main source of health information. It is no doubt that a carefully planned Hospital Information System and intelligently used information will be a great asset to any health care industry (Praveen & Gomes, 2005).
E. Health Management Information System
Health Management Information System shows how information can and should be best used as a management resource. It relates systems and management theories to applications found in health settings, and compare the best of international practice. It sets out the basic principles of health management information systems, and illustrates them with examples and case studies from a wide range of health care applications and from a number of different countries (Smith, 1999).
F.Computerized Hospital Information System
Benefits related to quality of care were realized to a greater extent, and considered more important, than those related to cost/savings/productivity or professionalism/recruitment/retention. Perceptions of nurses were not significantly different from those of general hospital staff members (Nauright & Simpson, 1994).
The electronic storage of clinical information will create the potential for computer-based tools to help clinicians significantly enhance the quality of medical care and increase the efficiency of medical practice. These tools may include reminder systems that identify patients who are due for preventative care interventions, alerting systems that detect contraindications among prescribed medications, and coding systems that facilitate the selection of correct billing codes for patient encounters (Sujansky, 1998).
G. Patient Record System
Computer-based patient records and the systems in which they function are becoming an essential technology for health care in part because the information management challenges faced by health care professionals are increasing daily. Technological progress makes it possible for CPRs and CPR systems to provide total, cost-effective access to more complete, accurate patient care data and to offer improved performance and enhanced functions that can be used to meet those information management challenges. CPRs can play an important role in improving the quality of patient care and strengthening the scientific basis of clinical practice; they can also contribute to the management and moderation of health care costs (Institute of Medicine, 1997).
1. The Computer-Based Patient Record
Computer-based patient records and the systems in which they function are becoming an essential technology for health care in part because the information management challenges faced by health care professionals are increasing daily (Dick, et.al, 1997).
Computer based patient records are electronically maintained information about an individual’s lifetime health care and health status. The computer-based patient record system integrates information from multiple sources, provides decision support, and serves as primary source of information for patient care. The computer-based patient record replaces the paper record for all clinical, administrative, and legal requirements (Shah & Amatyakul, 1998).
H. Effective Inventory Analysis
Inventory is the largest and probably the most important asset of many distributors. More money is probably tied up in inventory than in buildings or equipment. And inventory is usually less “liquid” than accounts receivable. That is, it is harder to turn inventory back into cash to pay employees and expenses. If distributors do not have this money invested in the right amount of the right products, they cannot provide the service to customers necessary to be successful. It is crucial that every distributor develops and uses a comprehensive set of tools that allows them to closely monitor the performance of their investment in inventory (Schreibfeder, 2003).
1. Total Inventory Management
As supply chains extend around the globe, and product life cycles grow shorter, traditional inventory management processes have been rendered obsolete. New operational demands dictate that companies continuously manage inventory throughout multiple levels of global supply chains to optimize performance against business objectives. This cannot be accomplished through one-dimensional strategies. Companies must synchronize their systems, processes, technologies, and services across inventory functions. Success requires a current view of on-hand inventory, established inventory policies, and the ability to rapidly respond to unplanned demand and supply changes (i2 Technologies, 2008).
I. Computerization Of A Hospital Pharmacy
Inventory control is another area where computerization has traditionally proved beneficial. The pharmacy’s central storage area supplies numerous sub stocks located throughout the department, on nursing units and in the clinics, (Fireworker, 1984).
1. Objectives of an Effective Inventory System
The objective of an inventory-control system is to make inventory decisions that minimize the total cost of inventory, which is distinctly different from minimizing inventory. It is often more expensive to run out of an item (and thus be forced to obtain it through more expensive channels) than simply to keep more units in stock. Most pharmacy inventory decisions involve replenishment–how much to order, when to decide to order, and when to place the order. The availability of microcomputers and relatively powerful spreadsheets will increase the utility of complex models of inventory control that are too complicated for manual calculations (Hughes, 1984).
Related Studies
A. Hospital Information System
Hospital Computerized Information Systems can be defined as a computerized system that is designed to meet all the information needs within a hospital. This includes diverse data types such as patient information, billing, finance and accounting, staffing and scheduling, pharmacy ordering, prescription handling, supplies, inventory, maintenance and orders management, diagnostic reports related to laboratory, radiology and patient monitoring as well as providing decision support (Aditya, 2006).
The number of investments in computers and types of hospital systems has increased. This is because paper medical records are cumbersome, bulky to use and difficult to manage.
On the other hand digital records are much easier to handle and improve the workflow efficiency by integrating various tasks. The introduction of information systems in hospitals and other medical facilities is not only driven by the wish to improve the management of patient-related data for the patients benefit, but also by the fiscal necessity to improve efficiency of medical services (Mittal, 2009).
1. Selecting a Computerized Maintenance Management System Computerized Management Systems are required to manage and control asset, plant, and equipment maintenance in today’s hospitals (Kullolli, 2008).
A. Health Management Information System
The aspects of information quality most often explored in the studies reviewed were the completeness and accuracy of different data components. It has been shown in several studies that the use of an information system was conducive to more complete and accurate documentation by health care professionals (Hayrinen, et.al, 2008).
B. Patient Record System
Electronic patient record is defined as the file stored on a computer, which records all the vital information about the patient’s current health and history. Electronic patient record, or EPR, enables a clinic or a hospital to eliminate the need to keep the patient’s records in hard copies. Electronic patient records are easier to transfer from one system to another, and easier to understand as it eliminates the bad handwriting scenario. EPR also increases the patient safety as the patient identification is always on hand (Roy, 2009).
1. Define Electronic Patient Record
Computerized patient record system enables clinicians to enter, review, and continuously update all order-related information connected with any patient. With CPRS, you can order lab tests, medications, diets, radiology tests and procedures, record a patient’s allergies or adverse reactions to medications, request and track consults, and enter progress notes, diagnoses, and treatments for each encounter, and enter discharge summaries (Troncales, 2010).
2. Electronic Medical Records: The Future Is Now
The Electronic Patient Health Record model explains how the integration of every department creates a synergy between each departmental system by allowing data to be captured at any location in a physicians’ office or anywhere in the hospital. A physician’s Electronic Patient Health Record consists of an individual’s health/medical information from birth to death (Butler & Lathram III, 2005).
If medical records were electronic, prescriptions would be more legible and could be filled more accurately. Public health officials could spot disease outbreaks quickly and track their spread.
Doctors could speedily check a patient’s record, helping to avoid wasteful repetition of tests and minimize harmful drug interactions and other errors, which kill an estimated 98,000 people a year in the United States. Scientists would have access to a gold mine of data about diseases (Foreman, 2006).
3. Achieving a Patient Unit Record Within Electronic Record Systems The single facility computerized record can only be a reality if the entire patient experience can be accurately accessed. Linking of files across facilities to create Corporate Patient Indexes and Community Health Information Networks will be greatly facilitated by MPIs (Master Patient Index) that are relatively cleaned of split-records (Weber, 1995).
4. Veteran Patient Monitoring System
To provide the hospital with organized and secured files, a computerized system is one of its needs. Computer reduces manual works as well as providing faster and more accurate information (Buenafe & Manalo, 2000).
C. Manage Your Inventories
Every entrepreneur, regardless of size of business, needs to understand the importance of efficient inventory management. When we say efficient management, it doesn’t mean that inventory must be kept low at all times; doing that could actually result in losses to your company in terms of lost sales and missed opportunities. Instead, what it means is that there should be a system that could enable your company to balance its inventory requirements (Ong, 2009).
1. What are the Benefits of Inventory Management Software? Inventory management software is a big investment, and many wonder if it’s worth it. Small to mid-sized businesses, especially, need to know that the investment they will be making is worth it in the long run. Inventory management software also comes in various configurations; some are industry specific, and many of them can be custom fit to accommodate special circumstances (Montanye, 2010).
Synthesis
This part of this chapter contains the summary of the reviewed related literature and studies. Their importance and how it can help the proponents in doing their study. Different authors in the internet have much information about Hospital Computerized Information Systems; this information can be used in conducting this study. The reviewed related literature explains that the Hospital Computerized Information System is very important in an organization.
Like for example increased time that a nurse spend with patients, improves the quality of patient care and personal information documentation, improved communications, reduced medication errors, increased nurse job satisfaction, Development of a common clinical database, to improve patient’s perception of care, will enhance the ability to track patient’s record. This information can help the researchers in conducting this study because it gave the proponents the idea of what Hospital Computerized Information System is. The proponents can use this information to understand the things concerning Hospital Computerized Information Systems.
CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, the procedural methodology of this research will be discussed. This includes project development, under it is the data gathering procedure, statistical tools and settings and the SDLC. The techniques and instruments of the study are also included.
Project Development
Project development is one of the most critical parts of the study. In this part, the ways of gathering information for this research will be discussed. This information that will be obtained is going to be used throughout the development of the system, this will also be used for further analysis and identification of attributes that is needed and must be included in the system.
I. Data Gathering Procedures
1. Formulation of Data Questionnaires and Survey Forms
Formulation of data questionnaires and survey forms are important. Data that will be obtained here will help the researchers on development of ideas on what features the system must have to cater the needs of the company and also the patients. In this process, some things will be considered such as the relevance of the questions and the data that will be obtained throughout the study.
2. Validations and Distribution of Data Questionnaires and Survey Forms to Prospect Respondents In this part, we are also going to choose our prospect respondents carefully, to ensure that the data and the information that will be gathered is relevant and will be useful for the development of the system.
3. Retrieval, Encoding and Data Solution using Scale Techniques and Formulas. After distributing the questionnaire to selected respondents, it will be collected immediately after they fill the necessary information. The gathered results will be tallied for further analysis and studies. It will go through a series of verification by the use of statistical tools such as the standard deviation and percentage. This will help us in interpretation of data through data analysis. 4. Interpretation of data through Data Analysis
4. Interpretation of data through Data Analysis
After the application of the data solutions with the help of scale techniques and formulas, the results will help us in the interpretation of data. We can determine whether the data produced compliments to the system proposed. 5. Evaluation of Data Results
5. Evaluation of Data Results
Data gathering is one part of the methodology where in the researcher retrieves information directly from the respondents. This also 2 gives us the idea that in this part of the study, steps must be planned and executed carefully, to obtain the necessary information, which is the main goal of this part of the study. This will also help us identify the additional features that our systems.
II. Respondents, Statistical Tools and Settings
1. Respondents
The qualification of respondents is based on their role and relation to the studies that is conducted by the proponents. Respondents are those who will benefit from this study. These are the administrator, secretary, doctor, nurses, pharmacist, cashier and the patients. Information that will be obtained from Divine Hearts Medical Services and Cooperative or simply DIHMESCO General Hospital, are very important, for they are the one who will use the system and the outcome of the system will really affect them, their needs and wants will be a big factor to develop a system that will give them convenience. 2. Statistical Tools
Statistical tools are very important and must be applied in every research and study to validate and summarize the result of the data gathered. For the proper analysis of data, the proponents will use Five-Point Scale Rating, Frequency, Mean, Percentage, Rank and Weighted Mean. This will help the proponents in the assessment of the proposed system, ranking and tabulation. 3. Settings
3. Settings
DIHMESCO General Hospital is situated along the highway of 215 General Luis St., Novaliches, Quezon City. Beside it is a tricycle parking lot and on the other side is a motorcycle trading business. The popular landmarks near it are the Savemore Supermarket, T.S. Cruz Subdivision and Millionaire’s Village. DIHMESCO is the only general hospital located within that vicinity,
making it a profitable business, since it is near in the two subdivisions.
Figure 3.1 Topographical Map of DIHMESCO General Hospital.
System Development Life Cycle
Figure 3.2 Modified Iterative Waterfall Model
(Source: Mall, 2003)
The Modified Iterative Waterfall Model was based on the traditional waterfall system development life cycle. The main feature of Waterfall Model is that it has a series of processes, but whenever a certain task or part of the system developed is already finished, you cannot turn and go back to that process any more. In the Modified Iterative Waterfall Model, you can still go back to any phase of the development, even if you already finished and transferred to another process. The first phase of our development life cycle is the requirements analysis and specification. In this part the proponents are going to specify and analyze the data and information needed in this study. Next is data gathering where in the researcher is going to gather the needed and specified data in the first phase.
After gathering data and information, it will be analyzed by the system analyst in the next phase, whether it is valid or not. Then the design and coding of the programmer with the collaboration with the system analyst will take place, where in the proposed system will be designed and developed. After the design and coding is the testing and debugging of the system, to ensure the reliability of the system. The last phase is the evaluation, in this part, the proponents are going to evaluate the system developed whether or not it met the requirements. The proponents chose Rajib Mall’s Iterative Waterfall Model as our System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) because its stages were stated clearly and easier to understand than other SDLC we saw. The proponents can also say that his work on SDLC has credibility, we based this stand on the author’s background and knowledge of the subject matter.
Instrument and Techniques
1. Techniques
Techniques are very important in every study, these are the ways of the proponents in conducting research toward the improvement of this study.
1. Observation
The observation will be conducted by the proponents to see the routines of the employee in the company. This will also help in better understanding of the cycle of their systems and their behavior, what are the obvious problems or slow processes in the system that the proponents noticed. 2. Interview
Interview plays a vital role in the studies. This is where the proponents will get facts and information to the employee and the beneficiary of the system. This technique finds answer in relation to the problems of the company, future goals and the existing system of the company. This includes verbal communication between the respondents related to the studies and the proponents. One example of this is the formal interview which can be conducted by the proponents to gather information. Prior notice to the company is needed to conduct this kind of interview.
3. Survey
Survey tends to find answer by having a certain number of respondents and tallying the result of it to formulate data. The proponents will use survey to identify the major needs of the beneficiaries of the system.
4. Company Visit
Company visit leads to the interaction of the company and the proponents. This is where the proponents visit the host company to apply techniques, strategies and used the instruments prepared by the proponents. A) Instruments
1. Questionnaires
Questionnaires will be used to obtain answers to the questions of the proponents regarding their existing system, problems of the company and what the company wants to see in the system, the proponents will be the one who is going to prepare the questionnaire. These questionnaires are questions written in paper, to be answered by the respondents, this questionnaire helps in building the foundations of the study.
2. Paper Documentation
Paper documentation will play an important role in the studies of the propo1nents. We will use this as our guide in conducting research. It will also give us ideas that will help in building the foundation of the study. CHAPTER IV
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In this chapter, results of data collected, analysis and interpretation based on findings and use of statistical tool will be discussed. The description of the participants or respondents is also discussed in this chapter.
The proponents provided evaluation sheets to the chosen respondents of this study, for them to be able to assess whether their proposed system is better than their existing system of managing information based on the criteria given. Criteria were chosen based on the objective formulated during the research study. The respondents of this study were the stated beneficiaries of this study too. The proponents chose them because they are the one who would be the most affected by this. They also serve as media in flow of information in their current system.
Position / Designation
Table 4.1 shows the designation of the respondents.
Table 4.1 Position / Designation of the respondents
Position| (F) Frequency| (P) Percentage|
Billing Personnel| 2| 10|
Doctor| 3| 15|
Nurse| 7| 35|
Patient| 5| 25|
Pharmacist| 2| 10|
Secretary| 1| 5|
Total| 20| 100|
Based on the table, the data shows that during evaluation, two out of 20 or 10 percent of the respondents were Billing Personnel, three or 15 percent
are Doctors, seven or 35 percent of them are Nurses, five or 25 percent of them are Patients, two or 10 percent are Pharmacist and one of them is the Secretary of the hospital. They were chosen as the respondents of this study, because they are the one who are mostly involved with the patient related information in DIHMESCO General Hospital.
The following are the criteria used in evaluation of the proposed system versus the existing system of DIHMESCO General Hospital. The criteria were derived based on the formulated objective of the study. Functionality
This is to test whether the existing or proposed system has ease of operation, has provisions for comfort and convenience and has the quality of user friendliness. Content
This is to measure the accuracy, up datedness and presentation of content, based on the ratings given. Reliability
This will verify whether the system conformance to desired result, has higher rate of absence of failure and has accuracy in performance. This will also test the handling of data, maintenance of the needed information and giving of adequate information. Effectiveness
This will be proved, if useful information is provided the same as creating of schedule. Report
This will test whether the systems could create reports systematically and has useful format of output presentation. Accuracy
This will help in verification whether the systems stored data accurately and can retrieve data accurately. Data Retrieval
to assess the performance whether the system has fast retrieval of records.
Ratings
Table 4.2 the following were used as measurements of the criteria being 1 as the lowest and 5 as the highest, and its word equivalence is stated below. Table 4.2
Ratings used in Evaluation
Rating in Numeric Value| Rating in Equivalent Words|
5| Excellent|
4| Very Good|
3| Good|
2| Fair|
1| Poor|
Evaluation of Management Information System for DIHMESCO General Hospital according to the given criteria The following table determines whether the proposed and developed system met the objectives based on the given criteria. An evaluation was conducted to the chosen respondents giving them the freedom to rate the system, as truthful and objective as possible. Functionality
Table 4.3 shows the respondents assessment of the proposed system in terms of Functionality. Table 4.3
Assessment of the proposed system in terms of Functionality
Verbal| Frequency| Percentage| Rank|
Interpretation| (F)| (P)| |
Excellent| 1| 5| 4|
Very Good| 9| 45| 1|
Good| 8| 40| 2|
Fair| 2| 10| 3|
Poor| 0| 0| |
Total (N)| 20| 100| |
As shown on the table, the data show that, one or five percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 4th, nine or 45 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 1st, eight or 40 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 2nd and the remaining two or 10 percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is ranked 3rd. The assessment of functionality of the proposed system shows that the respondents have had different idea or definition regarding the functionality of our system.
Content
Table 4.4 shows the respondents assessment of the proposed system in terms
of Content. Table 4.4
Assessment of the proposed system in terms of Content
Verbal| Frequency| Percentage| Rank|
Interpretation| (F)| (P)| |
Excellent| 1| 5| 3|
Very Good| 6| 30| 2|
Good| 12| 60| 1|
Fair| 1| 5| 3|
Poor| 0| 0| |
Total (N)| 20| 100| |
As shown on the table, the data show that, one or five percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 3rd, six or 30 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 2nd, 12 or 60 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 1st and one or five percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is also ranked 3rd. Majority of the respondents assessed the content of the proposed system as “Good”.
Reliability
Table 4.5 shows the respondents assessment of the proposed system in terms of Reliability. Table 4.5
Assessment of the proposed system in terms of Reliability
Verbal| Frequency| Percentage| Rank|
Interpretation| (F)| (P)| |
Excellent| 1| 5| 4|
Very Good| 6| 30| 2|
Good| 11| 55| 1|
Fair| 2| 10| 3|
Poor| 0| 0| |
Total (N)| 20| 100| |
As shown on the table, the data show that, one or five percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is
ranked 4th, six or 30 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 2nd, 11 or 55 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 1st and two or ten percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is ranked 4th. Majority of the respondents assessed the reliability of the proposed system as “Good”.
Effectiveness
Table 4.6 shows the respondents assessment of the proposed system in terms of Effectiveness. Table 4.6
Assessment of the proposed system in terms of Effectiveness
Verbal| Frequency| Percentage| Rank|
Interpretation| (F)| (P)| |
Excellent| 1| 5| 3|
Very Good| 8| 40| 2|
Good| 10| 50| 1|
Fair| 1| 5| 3|
Poor| 0| 0| |
Total (N)| 20| 100| |
As shown on the table, the data show that, one or five percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 3rd, eight or 40 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 2nd, 10 or 50 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 1st and one or five percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is also ranked 3rd. Majority of the respondents assessed the effectiveness of the proposed system as “Good”.
Report
Table 4.7 shows the respondents assessment of the proposed system in terms of Report. Table 4.7
Assessment of the proposed system in terms of Report
Verbal| Frequency| Percentage| Rank|
Interpretation| (F)| (P)| |
Excellent| 2| 10| 3|
Very Good| 9| 45| 1|
Good| 8| 40| 2|
Fair| 1| 5| 4|
Poor| 0| 0| |
Total (N)| 20| 100| |
As shown on the table, the data show that, two or ten percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 3rd, nine or 45 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 1st, eight or 40 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 2nd and one or five percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is also ranked last. Majority of the respondents assessed the report of the proposed system as “Very Good”.
Accuracy
Table 4.8 shows the respondents assessment of the proposed system in terms of Accuracy. Table 4.8
Assessment of the proposed system in terms of Accuracy
Verbal| Frequency| Percentage| Rank|
Interpretation| (F)| (P)| |
Excellent| 2| 10| 3|
Very Good| 12| 60| 1|
Good| 5| 25| 2|
Fair| 1| 5| 4|
Poor| 0| 0| |
Total (N)| 20| 100| |
As shown on the table, the data show that, two or ten percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 3rd, 12 or 60 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 1st, 5 or 25 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 2nd and one or five percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is also ranked last. Majority of the respondents assessed the accuracy of the proposed system as “Very Good”.
Reliability (with different sub criteria)
Table 4.9 shows the respondents assessment of the proposed system in terms of Reliability. Table 4.9
Assessment of the proposed system in terms of Reliability
Verbal| Frequency| Percentage| Rank|
Interpretation| (F)| (P)| |
Excellent| 2| 10| 3|
Very Good| 9| 45| 1|
Good| 8| 40| 2|
Fair| 1| 5| 4|
Poor| 0| 0| |
Total (N)| 20| 100| |
As shown on the table, the data show that, two or ten percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 3rd, nine or 45 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 1st, eight or 40 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 2nd and one or five percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is also ranked last. Majority of the respondents assessed the reliability (which has different sub criteria) of the proposed system as “Very Good”.
Data Retrieval
Table 4.10 shows the respondents assessment of the proposed system in terms of Data Retrieval.
Table 4.10
Assessment of the proposed system in terms of Data Retrieval Verbal| Frequency| Percentage| Rank|
Interpretation| (F)| (P)| |
Excellent| 4| 20| 2|
Very Good| 11| 55| 1|
Good| 4| 20| 2|
Fair| 1| 5| 3|
Poor| 0| 0| |
Total (N)| 20| 100| |
As shown on the table, the data show that, four or 20 percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 2nd, 11 or 55 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 1st, four or 20 percent also assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 2nd too and one or five percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is ranked last. Majority of the respondents assessed the data retrieval of the proposed system as “Very Good”, but noticeably that four out of 20 respondents assessed this criteria as excellent and fair.
Summary of Assessment of the Respondents on the Proposed System
Table 4.11 summarizes the respondent’s assessment of the proposed system according to criteria used with the corresponding weighted mean and overall interpretation. Table 4.11
Assessment Summary of the Respondents on the Proposed System CRITERIA| WEIGHTED| VERBAL| RANK|
| MEAN| INTERPRETATION| |
Functionality| 3.45| Very Good| 4|
Content| 3.35| Good| 5|
Reliability| 3.3| Good| 6|
Effectiveness| 3.45| Very Good| 4|
Report| 3.60| Very Good| 3|
Accuracy| 3.75| Very Good| 2|
Reliability| 3.60| Very Good| 3|
Data Retrieval| 3.90| Very Good| 1|
Average Weighted Mean| 3.55| Very Good| |
The data shows that the proponents set seven (7) criteria for them to be able to evaluate the proposed system with the help of the respondents. Based on the computation made, table shows that the weighted mean of every criterion from functionality to data retrieval is equivalent to 3.45, 3.35, 3.3, 3.45, 3.6, 3.75, 3.6 and 3.90. The computed overall weighted mean is 3.55. The table further shows that having a “Very Good” overall interpretation, would suggest that the proposed system had satisfied all the criteria and objectives stated. The results also show that the proposed system is found
to be functional, presentable content, reliable, reliable and effective, has useful reports, accurate data and fast in data retrieval. Based on the evaluation made by the researchers with the help of the chosen respondents, the data strongly implies that the system met the stated objectives bases on the stated criteria. DIHMESCO General Hospital may consider implementation of Management Information System.
CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS
AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This part of the research study includes the summary of findings, conclusions and recommendations. The summary is where the major points of our study including the result of evaluation are summarized and discussed. The conclusions which tell whether the research study achieve its objectives based on the evaluation. The recommendation included things that are related to our study but not within our scope of research.
Summary
The proponents envisioned to create a Management Information System for DIHMESCO General Hospital which will cover patient related information. The proponents aimed to centralize those records using Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 for the development of the front end of the Management Information System Software and MS SQL Server 2000 as the database to minimize paper records and provide information repository that is able to keep massive amount of records. During the study, the proponent formulated criteria based on the objective of the study which will be used in the evaluation of the study. They also formulated unstructured questionnaires and conducted informal interviews and observations. Data and information collected were used in the construction of ideas that was used in the development of the proposed system.
The beneficiaries of the study are the process owner of each system, which includes Administrator of the Hospital, Billing Personnel, Nurses, Patients, Pharmacists and the Secretary. The future researchers are also benefited
from this study.
The primary instrument in conducting this study is the questionnaires. This includes unstructured and structured questionnaires. The questionnaire was formulated in order to collect information from the respondents and assess the proposed system. The structured questionnaire consists of two parts which includes: 1. Identification of Respondents (Optional)
2. Position / Designation
3. Evaluation of the Proposed System according to:
a. Functionality
b. Content
c. Reliability
d. Effectiveness
e. Report
f. Accuracy
g. Reliability (with different sub-criteria)
h. Data Retrieval
The development and evaluation of the proposed Management Information System for DIHMESCO General Hospital was based on the Modified Iterative Waterfall Model by Rajib Mall. The development and Evaluation process includes requirement analysis and specifications, data gathering, analysis of data, design and coding, testing and debugging and lastly the evaluation.
Graphical Representations were used during the study and development of the proposed system. They break down system processes into smaller elements and present it using the appropriate diagram. This includes Hierarchical Chart, Input Process Output Diagrams, Context Diagram, Data Flow Diagram, System Flow Chart, Entity Relationship Model or Diagram and the Database Design.
To present data gathered precisely during evaluation of the system, statistical tools were carefully used and chosen during the study. Statistical tools that were used and applied include Five Point Scale Rating, Mean, Percentage, Ranking, and Weighted Mean.
Summary of Findings
Based on the data gathered, interpreted and analyzed through the used of statistical tools, these summary of findings were formulated:
1. Position / Designation of the Respondents
Two out of 20 or 10 percent of the respondents were Billing Personnel, three or 15 percent are Doctors, seven or 35 percent of them are Nurses, five or 25 percent of them are Patients, two or 10 percent are Pharmacist and one of them is the Secretary of the hospital.
2. Evaluation of the Proposed System according to Criteria
a. Functionality
One or five percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 4th, nine or 45 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 1st, eight or 40 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 2nd and the remaining two or 10 percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is ranked 3rd. b. Content
One or five percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 3rd, six or 30 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 2nd, 12 or 60 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 1st and one or five percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is also ranked 3rd. c. Reliability
One or five percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 4th, six or 30 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 2nd, 11 or 55 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 1st and two or ten percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is ranked 4th. d. Effectiveness
One or five percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 3rd, eight or 40 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 2nd, 10 or 50 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 1st and one or five percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is also ranked 3rd. e. Report
Two or ten percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 3rd, nine or 45 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 1st, eight or 40 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 2nd and one or five percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is also ranked last. f. Accuracy
Two or ten percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 3rd, 12 or 60 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 1st, 5 or 25 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 2nd and one or five percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is also ranked last. g. Reliability (with different sub – criteria)
Two or ten percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 3rd, nine or 45 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 1st, eight or 40 percent assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 2nd and one or five percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is also ranked last. h. Data Retrieval
Four or 20 percent of the total 20 respondents have assessed the proposed system as “Excellent” which is ranked 2nd, 11 or 55 percent assessed the system as “Very Good” which is ranked 1st, four or 20 percent also assessed the system as “Good” which is ranked 2nd too and one or five percent assessed the system as “Fair” which is ranked last. 3. Summary of Assessment of the Respondents on the Proposed System The proponents set seven (7) criteria for them to be able to evaluate the proposed system. Based on the computation made, data shows that the weighted mean of every criterion from functionality to data retrieval is equivalent to 3.45, 3.35, 3.3, 3.45, 3.6, 3.75, 3.6 and 3.90. The computed overall weighted mean is 3.55. The data shows that it had a “Very Good” overall interpretation.
Conclusions
Based on the findings of the study, these conclusions were drawn: 1. Majority of the respondents were the designated Nurses.
2. The respondents found the proposed system having good functionality in terms of ease of operation, provision for comfort and convenience and user friendliness. 3. In terms of the Content, the respondents observed that the proposed system has accuracy, up datedness and has good presentation. 4. In terms of Reliability, majority of them believed that the proposed system has good conformance to result, absence of failure and accuracy in performance. 5. In terms of Effectiveness, majority of them believed that the proposed system is good in providing useful information and creating and schedule. 6. In terms of Report, they observed that the proposed system is very good in creating reports systematically and in providing useful format of content. 7. In terms of Accuracy, the respondents rated the proposed system as very good in storing and retrieving of data accurately. 8. In terms of Reliability, the respondents found the proposed system very good in handling of data, maintenance of the needed information and giving adequate information. 9. In terms of Data Retrieval, the respondents found the proposed system has very good and fast retrieval of records. 10. The system met the objectives base on the result of evaluation. Therefore, the proposed system is found to be functional, has very good content, reliable, effective, has very good reports, has accurate data and has fast data retrieval.
Recommendation
The proponents proposed Development and Evaluation of Management Information System for DIHMESCO General Hospital, but the concern of our study is focused only o the information and records related to patients only. During the research, the proponents learned that Management Information System may cover the almost all processes on information system in a company, which was not satisfied by the scope of research.
Therefore the proponents recommends to other researchers with the same field of study to: 1. Include the payroll system of the company, which is not within the extent of our study, the login and the logout of the employee’s is within under this too. 2. Further the study to Accounting system of the company, this will enable the company add directly receivables earned from the billing included in our study. 3. To explore the viability of interfacing electronic and digital devices to the current system, maybe to prove whether it is necessary or it will help
on the improvement of the proposed system for the company. 4. Based on the result of evaluation, we also recommend to the DIHMESCO General Hospital to consider implementation of Management Information System.
References
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3. Vipin Mittal, “Hospital Information System”, 2009
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Working References:
1. http://intqhc.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/2/3-4/335 2. http://www.asianhhm.com/Knowledge_bank/industryreports/hospital-information-systems.htm 3. http://www.scribd.com/doc/33698795/Overview-of-Hospital-Information-System 4. http://iomed.partners.org/main/NewsItems/CEMgmt_CMMS.pdf 5. http://www.play.com/Books/Books/4-/301238/-/Product.html smith 6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8151433
7. http://www.emro.who.int/his/ehealth/IMEMR/hos_inf_sys.pdf 8. http://www.scribd.com/doc/4928104/Pre-and-Postoperative-Monitoring-of-Patients 9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17951106 http://www.sice.umkc.edu/~leeyu/Mahi/medical-data9.pdf 10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9771161?dopt=Abstracts 11. http://www.aameda.org/MemberServices/Exec/Articles/fall05/Electronic_Medical_Records.pdf 12. http://articles.latimes.com/2006/jun/26/health/he-privacy26 13. http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=AZ_Ia21-BosC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Richard+S.+Dick,+Elaine+B.+Steen+and+Don+E.+Detmer,+%E2%80%9CThe+Computer-Based+Patient+Record%E2%80%9D&source=bl&ots=ir7Df6oFEn&sig=wvZVbRDDL5tmCHtY4L8jx158eHk&hl=tl&ei=6DbsTN_eM8X4cdCCxZIP&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false 14. http://www.entrepreneur.com.ph/features/article/manage-your-inventory 15. http://www.nten.org/sites/nten/files/inventory_analysis_handout.pdf 16. http://www.ehow.com/about_5089095_benefits-inventory-management-software.html 17. http://www.i2.com/assets/pdf/SNS_i2_total_inv_mgmt_sns7416.pdf 18. http://www.ajhp.org/cgi/content/abstract/41/10/2078
19. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2578679/pdf/procascamc00006-0263.pdf 20. http://www.ehow.com/facts_5569953_define-electronic-patient-recrord.html 21. http://www.indmedica.com/journals.php?journalid=6&issueid=104&articleid=1435&action=article 22. http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=5306&page=176 23. http://www.providersedge.com/ehdocs/ehr_articles/A_Day_in_the_Lifer_of_a_Medical_Record.pdf 24. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database
25. http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/server
26. http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/BJA/evaluation/glossary/glossary_i.htm 27. http://www.med.govt.nz/templates/MultipageDocumentPage____32084.aspx 28. http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/Technology-Article.asp
29. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_area_network
30. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi
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Franchise Tax|
Missionary| 2,408.8| X| 0.0454| =| 109.36|
Environment Fund| 2,408.8| X| 0.0025| =| 6.02|
Total 166,663.55|
Summary
Utilities| Monthly Expense| Annually Expense|
Electric Bill| 166,663.55| 1,999,962.60|
Telephone Bill| 1,465.48| 17,585.76|
Water Bill| 9,236.57| 110,838.84|
Total| | Php. 2,128,387.20|
Schedule 5: Stationaries and Supplies
Qty| Particular| Price| Monthly Expense| Annually Expense| 2 ream| Short bond paper| 150.00| 300.00| 3,600.00|
