The concept of exercise programs leading to an increased level of health is not new. However, most relevant literature that is currently available tends to be skewed toward research studies that test specifics rather than a subjective perception of exercise. Most case studies focus on a certain exercise, a certain demographic, or more commonly, exercises’ effects upon specific ailments and illnesses.
Rather than focus on the specific, scientific causes and effects of exercise, the purpose of this study is to find a correlation between four major variables that include the participant, their initial reason for adding an exercise regimen, the type of regimen, and lastly, their overall satisfaction level as it pertains to their perspective of their overall health and wellness. In order to get a better understanding of the correlation between the actual participant and the results, it is necessary to understand who these participants truly are, their decision influencers, the exact program and their satisfaction in terms of it’s effectiveness to elevate their overall wellness level. Fully understanding these four major elements are required to effectively correlate the participants and their perceived increased level of general wellness, or their satisfaction level, with the assumption that they wanted to increase their overall health as much as possible.
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Exercise is important for the overall health and wellbeing of all people. People engage in physical activity for a variety of reasons. For some, being healthy is their only reason for exercising; for others, it may be to build more muscle, or gain endurance. “Exercise involves planned, structured, repetitive bodily movement done to improve or maintain physical fitness. ” Exercise should always be ...
Are these participants’ mothers, students, men, blue-collar workers, or the unemployed? Did they decide to exercise because they have an ailment, needed an outlet for stress, or just had extra leisure time on their hands? Have they chosen a program that is self-guided, group guided, or mentor guided? Have they chosen a program that is modified to their limitations or abilities or are they following a very specific program? And finally, do they believe their health has improved slightly or greatly? There is a correlation between each of these elements. In order to better describe and understand these participants and their influencers, program and subjective satisfaction level, an in-depth qualitative phenomenology case study is appropriate.
People change in two different ways: gradually and suddenly. Some changes take place very slowly and continuously over the days, weeks, and years. The shifting values and attitudes creep so slowly that it is like watching the hands of a clock; they seem to be stable and the only way you can tell they are changing is by comparing them over a broad span of time. However, there are also dramatic episodes of life that produce more radical changes almost at once: a marriage, the birth of one’s first child, a mid-life career change, the sudden and unexpected loss of a loved one, or retirement. When this kind of change occurs, the person might find that one day everything is as usual, and the next day things have been altered forever. That kind of drastic change can have a huge effect on a consumer’s life.[i] It is this philosophy that defines our first major element of the study: Who is exercising?
The population of our study will be limited to those 18 and older, living within the state of New York , and participants will be approached through athletic club membership mailing lists. It is suggested that the population will be approached through both a direct mailing campaign and also include a follow-up or closing telephone campaign in order to fully approach the population and to complete the sample. It is estimated that the completion of this study will take approximately one month.
This study will break participants into life stages, and this leads us to defining our sampling as a stratified, quota sampling. The results of the study will group participants to 8 life stages:
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Young
Adult Young Singles & Couples Households with Kids/Tweens Households
with Teens
Older Singles
Older Couples
Second Life
Mature
In order to fully represent these stages, the total number of the participants within each stage will be equal to avoid any skew towards one life stage versus another. Looking at participants by life stage allows us to get a multidimensional view, not just by age, marital status, or presence of children but by groupings that more closely represent the participant without creating unnecessary complexities. Service consumers, especially females, think and act very differently depending on what phase of their life they are in. Life stage changes what, why, and where they carry out tasks, participate in programs or even shop, as well as why they do it. Priorities often change depending on life stage making the “why” and “how” of things they do very different; spending time at kids’ sports, going on vacation, working, or going to school all cut into time or energy spent on exercise during certain stages as opposed to others. Today, when all assumptions need to be challenged, it is best to have as clear a picture of your consumer as possible. This is why the concept of looking at participants in life stage is particularly important
Likely to be the most subjective, and hardest to define portion of the study, the “Why?” element is also most likely to add the most value to the overall results of the study. It is hypothesized that participant who is self-influenced versus having external pressures to exercise is much more likely to find it beneficial towards their increased level of health and wellness. The main focus of this section of the study is to find out if the participants influencers are internal or external. These will then be explained further so the participant can further identify their more specific influencer. For example: `
Internal External
It’s fun and/or entertaining It’s socially acceptable/ pressured
The Essay on Conventional Level Lois Stage Life
Lois Lane was born on January 19, 1982 in Massachusetts at the Winchester hospital. She is now nineteen years of age. Her ancestors are from Ireland and Canada. She was raised in her grandmother's house in Woburn, Massachusetts. She lived with her mother, father, and her older sister. Her sister was 10 years old when she was born. Lois' parents divorced when she was two years old. Her father, who ...
To feel better about myself My friends and/or family asked me to
Reduces the feelings and effects of stress Exercise helps my physical appearance
Reduces the risks or effects of a specific ailment or illness I receive benefits from work/insurance, etc for exercising
Once the participant and influencers are explored the third element, the exercise program, can be further explored and defined. There is boundless information on the topical of “Physical Exercise.” The definition of such is a case study within itself butfor the purposes of this study was defined: “Physical activity is any body movement that works your muscles and uses more energy than you use when you’re resting.” [ii] This is a very broad definition, but for this study, is very effective. Since it is hypothesized that each life stage will have very different concepts of exercise overall and its effectiveness, this allows all life stages can fully participate. Although the study wants to ensure that the entire population can participate, it is fundamental to clearly define categorization of this variable. Following are examples of what type of information this section will gather from the participant.
Mode of Exercise Type of Exercise
Aerobic/Cardiovascular Self/Home
Anaerobic Group/ Instructor Led
Flexibility/Stretching Mentor/ One-on-One
The last element of the study is the most simple, and most definitive. “Do you believe your version of exercise has increased your overall health and wellness?” A simple ordinal satisfaction scale will also be included to judge the satisfaction level of the participant. Although this is the most simple of all the questions, it’s the nuts and bolts of this study and all the while remains very subjective, a key of this study.
Very satisfied
Somewhat satisfied
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
Somewhat dissatisfied
Very dissatisfied
This qualitative research design method was chosen mainly because an individuals’ interpretation of events is important, but are also less easily generalized. This study design allows the results to maintain a purely objective nature, and descriptive of the participants’ thoughts on the subject, but remain a thorough sampling of the population at the same time. This method allows the study to unfold as the research is conducted. Since the results have not previously been studied, the hypothesize are more true rather than just an attempt to prove or disprove a previously conducted study.
The Essay on Role Of The Physical Exercises In The Process Of Aging
Role of the Physical Exercises in the Process of Aging Physical activity can retard a decline in many of the determinants of physical ability. Exercise has been shown to improve strength, [2-10] endurance, [11,12] flexibility, [13] and balance [14] in older adults. Increasing the level of physical activity, therefore, might retard individuals aging processes. In addition, sustained physical ...
Although these four elements are clearly defined as to the role they play within the scope of the study, each element has certain known limitations, with the most obvious limitation being the list of options a participant may want to identify. Currently it’s possible something they would like to choose will be excluded. The majority of these limitations come from the necessity to limit, and group the endless number of subjective answers participants may give as influencers, exercise type and also their overall satisfaction level.
Multiple variable elements were contemplated, but were discarded due to their lack of overall effect on the study. One of the most obvious variables was location. It was considered to sample the entire United States , to see if there were differences in results based on location. This seemed to extend the scope of the study past the initial goal. It was also considered to include an additional demographic of household income, but it seemed to complicate the breakdowns further than necessary. The four variables seemed to be sufficient to answer the research question without complications.
This study is likely to spur many questions and additional research on this subject, delving further into the possible demographics that were initially excluded. It is also very likely that a review of this study would incite curiosity to additional reasons or exercise methods. These variables are almost limitless in nature and possibility.
In summary, relating these four elements will easily define the research question of “Who is the most likely exercise program participant to believe their chosen program leads to an increased level of wellness.” We will be able to take a particular life stage and either prove or disprove statements similar to: “Second Lifers are the most likely group of participants to believe their self-influenced program of flexibility exercise is very beneficial.”
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Case Study/Labor Management & Collective Bargaining A. Name of the Union and the Occupation Covered -The Boston Police Union #16807 of the AFL -The occupation covered is the police officer. B. Issues covered in the contract. -present hours -wages -working conditions C. Problems in the case study -inadequate wages -excessive hours -new police officers were payed the same as old police officers ...
